Several unsupported and supported molybdenum-based catalysts were prepared by precipitation and impregnation, and characterized by N2 adsorption, XRD, H2-TPR, and XPS. The catalytic activity for alcohol synthesis was evaluated using a fixed-bed pressurized flow reaction system under the following conditions: 250-350 , 5.0 MPa, GHSV of 5000 h -1, and H2/CO ratio of 1.0. Addition of Co to the unsupported MoS2-bulk catalyst enhanced the selectivity for C2 alcohols and total alcohols, and reduced the selectivity for hydrocarbons. Addition of K to Co04MoS improved the selectivity for total alcohols and suppressed the formation of hydrocarbons, increased the selectivity for methanol and CO2, and decreased carbon-chain growth. The alumina-supported catalyst was the most favorable for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis but was unfavorable for C2 alcohol synthesis. The silica-supported catalyst was more favorable for C2 alcohol synthesis than the unsupported catalyst.