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Key words：chronic hemodialysis, short portal circulation, hyperammonemia, balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration 〈Abstract〉 We present the case of a 68-year-old male hemodialysis patient who developed portal-systemic shunt encephalopathy. Hemodialysis was started owing to diabetic nephropathy in April 2000. He previously underwent partial gastrectomy for gastric ulcer and blood transfusion. Since September 2004, fecal incontinence, some cognitive symptoms, and depression have sometimes occurred. Although he had been a heavy drinker and was a hepatitis C virus carrier, abdominal echography and computed tomography(CT)did not indicate any evidence of liver cirrhosis, and laboratory examination findings were normal except for the serum ammonia level, which was

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The evaluation of iron status in dialysis patients provides information essential to the planning of adequate rHuEPO treatment. Iron status of the patients can be determined from the recently available measurement of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent(RET-He). RET-He is measured by automated fluorescent flow cytometry using a polymethine dye, which in the reticulocyte channel, also measures the mean value of the forward light scatter histogram of mature red blood cells and reticulocytes. These values equate with reticulocyte hemoglobin concentration. In this study, to clarify the accuracy of RET-He in diagnosing iron deficiency in dialysis patients, we initially compared RET-He with such iron parameters as serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturation, and concentration of reticulocyte hemoglobin(CHr)which have been established as indicators of functional iron