Grassland is an important and terrestrial ecosystem and one of the most widely distributed ecosystems in the world. In the context of climate change, grassland has a significant impact on global carbon source / sink dynamics and carbon cycling. The focus of the present study was the grassland vegetation of the Loess Plateau. We analyzed the effects of natural and degraded grassland grazing pre鄄 and post鄄prohibition to combine the policy of returning farmland to forest or grassland and grazing prohibition. Using multi鄄point transect surveys and long鄄term fixed monitoring sites, plant distribution, leaf litter, and distribution and zonation of below ground carbon density of different types of grassland in the Loess Plateau were recorded. The temporal鄄spatial variability of biomass and carbon density with respect to the altitudinal
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