The SrAl2B2O7:Dy3+ phosphor is synthesizd through a general high temperature solid-state reaction, and its luminescence properties are investigated. The emission spectrum of SrAl2B2O7:Dy3+ shows the bands at 480nm,573nm and 678nm under the 365nm excitation, corresponding to the 4F9/2→6H15/2,4F9/2→6H13/2 and 4F9/2→6H11/2 typical transitions of Dy3+ respectively. The excitation spectrum for 573nm emission has excitation bands at 295 nm,325 nm,350 nm,365 nm and 400nm. The influence of doped Dy3+ contentration on the emission spectrum and the luminescent intensity of SrAl2B2O7:Dy3+ is investigated. The result shows that the intensity ratio of yellow emission (573nm) to blue emission (483 nm), Iy/Ib, increases with the increase of Dy3+ concentration, which may be explained by the Judd-Ofelt theory. The luminescent intensity increases first with the increase of Dy3+ concentration, then decreases. The concentration self-quenching is attributed to the d-d interaction according to the Dexter theory. The introducing of charge compensation agents of Li+, Na+ and K+ ions can augment the emission intensity. It is found that Li+ ions are the best to enhance the emission intensity.