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Eco鄄innovation is characterized by the double positive externalities (knowledge and environmental spillovers) , and as such concern towards it and its importance have grown in both practice and academia over the past two decades. In contrast, extant literature has shown a vague and inconsistent understanding about the applicable analysis level, theoretical position, definition and measurement of eco鄄innovation. This treatment has limited the concept of eco鄄innovation, and impeded its use, diffusion and theoretical development. It is the aim of this paper to fill this gap by (1) focusing on eco鄄 innovation from a firm level, (2) reviewing relevant research from three organizational study fields (i.e., corporate social responsibility, environmental management and innovation management) , (3) providing an integrated definition and identifying the unique characteristics of eco鄄innovation, (4) reviewing the dimensions and measurement of eco鄄innovation, and (5) presenting recommendations for future research. The main conclusions of this paper are presented below. First, corporate eco鄄innovation is a crossing field among corporate social responsibility (CSR) , environmental management and innovation management. Therefore, eco鄄innovation can be viewed as a kind of environmental responsibility according to the CSR perspective, which emphasizes that firms should be responsible for the negative influence of their conduct on society. Eco鄄innovation can also be viewed as an environmental strategy from an environmental management perspective, which places the emphasis on how firms integrate environmental issues into corporate strategy by product, process and management innovation. Furthermore, eco鄄innovation can be viewed as one type of innovation according to the innovation management perspective, where the emphasis is on how to more effectively implement eco鄄innovation. It is clear that the CSR perspective pays greater attention to the objectives and consequences of eco鄄innovation, while the environmental and innovation management perspectives are concerned more about the content and process of eco鄄innovation. Second, eco鄄innovation has four unique characteristics according to the three organizational research fields described above: (1) corporate eco鄄 innovation has the double externality problem, because it not only has knowledge spillover but also reduces environmental

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