要旨症例は56歳の女性で,ショック状態のため,他院から紹介となる。初期輸液やカテコラミンに反応せず,一時心肺停止になった。蘇生後もショック状態を認め,Direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B immobilized fiberを導入した。CT検査上,腹水と腸管壁の肥厚を認めたため,診断的腹腔洗浄を行った。白色に混濁した腹水を認め,緊急手術を施行した。膿性混濁腹水と子宮に膿苔を認めたが,腸管穿孔は認めなかったため,腹腔内を洗浄後,持続灌流洗浄を開始し集中治療を継続した。血液,腹水培養検査上,Streptococcus pyogenes を検出し,Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome(STSS)の診断基準を満たした。その後,徐々に状態は安定し,16病日に一般病棟に転棟した。本症例はAcute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score 49点,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score 18点であった。Streptococcus pyogenesによる原発性腹膜炎は稀な疾患であるが,STSSを発症すると急激に悪化し心停止にもなる重篤な疾患である。救命のためには,早期診断,迅速な外科的治療および適切な集中治療が必要であると考えられた。
Level of PAI-1 was significantly improved in AT-Ⅲ group 3 days after therapeutic days in comparison with on diagnostic day and 1 day after therapeutic day. AT-Ⅲ, antithrombin Ⅲ; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Background: The diagnostic criteria of acute-phase disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were reported by the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) in 2005. The effectiveness of antithrombin III (AT-III) supplementation in septic shock patients diagnosed to have acute-phase DIC on the basis of the JAAM diagnostic criteria has not yet been reported. Objective: We examined the effectiveness of AT-III supplementation in septic shock cases with reference to the diagnosis of acute-phase DIC made on the basis of the JAAM criteria. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of 32 septic shock patients who were admitted to our intensive care unit between July 2005 and February 2007 and were diagnosed to have DIC on the basis of the JAMM DIC criteria. The patients were divided into two groups for the analysis: the AT-III group (21 cases), in which the patients were treated with AT-III within 24 hours of the diagnosis of DIC, and the non AT-III group (11 cases), in which no AT-III treatment was administered. Results: There were no significant differences in the average Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score on admission or average Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the time of a shock diagnosis between the two groups. The AT-III group tended to show a better survival rate (not significant difference; P = 0.0595), with significant improvement of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and protein C levels being observed. Conclusion: Early AT-III treatment after confirmation of DIC diagnosis by the JAAM DIC criteria would appear to be a useful strategy for the management of DIC-complicating septic shock.
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