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This is a study on the factors that influence behavior intention of cosmetic surgery tourism in the current situation where Chinese medical tourists, are increasing particularly by using the model of goal-directed behaviors including attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, expected emotions, passion, and behavior intention, in addition to the service quality of medical tourism, narcissism, and the Hallyu star attractiveness. The subjects of this study were 485 valid sample of Chinese persons who had considered cosmetic surgery tourism in Korea and the structural equation modeling by AMOS was used for analysis. This study showed that all variables of the fitness of model met all criteria, which therefore confirms the validity of the final model. As the result, 8 of the 9 hypotheses were statistically significant, with one hypothesis being partially significant. In this study, a new model to show the factors that affect the behavior of Chinese cosmetic surgery tourists and marketing suggestion were developed by using extended method on the goal-directed behavior model.

To develop a starter culture system for the fermentation of mukeunji, we introduced lactic acid bacteria and yeast isolated from mukeunji into kimchi fermentation as a single or a mixed culture. On evaluating mukeunji flavor, we found that the mixed starter kimchi prepared with two strains, ML17 and MY7, gave the best sensory score. These strains were identified as Lactobacillus (Lb.) curvatus ML17 and Saccharomyces (S.) servazzii MY7 by molecular identification method. The fermentative characteristics of starter kimchi were investigated by measuring changes in the physicochemical and microfloral characteristics during the fermentation. The decrease in pH and increase in acidity in the starter kimchi were faster compared to respective values of control kimchi. There was a gradual decrease in hardness of starter kimchi, which was still slow compared to hardness decrease in control kimchi. Microbial analysis of starter kimchi revealed that Lb. curvatus ML17 and S. servazzii MY7 were the dominant organisms during the entire fermentation period. The lactic acid and citric acid contents of starter kimchi were higher than those of the control kimchi after 90 days of fermentation. By sensory evaluation, the starter kimchi scored higher in appearance, mukeunji flavor, sourness, carbonated flavor, savory taste, texture, and overall acceptability, but lower in off-flavor than the control kimchi.

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