Objectives:Of the various types of vocalization produced by children early on, canonical babbling is an important milestone that shows a high correlation with later speech-language development. This study aimed to investigate the development of canonical babbling from 0-6 months to 18-20 months and check the number of expressive words at 18-20 months. Also, we tracked the developmental changes of the canonical babbling from 0-20 months to confirm the onset and developmental process of canonical babbling in Korean-acquiring infants. Methods: The Language ENvironment Analysis system collected vocalization data produced by children during the day in a natural environment for 22 children recruited longitudinally and 59 children recruited cross-sectionally. Twenty 5-minute recorded vocalization data with the highest child vocalization rate were selected for each child, and the canonical babbling ratio was measured based on auditory perception analysis. Results: The results from the longitudinal and cross-sectional study showed that the canonical babbling ratio increased significantly after 7-8 months. Of the 22 children in the longitudinal study, 7 children produced less than .15 of the canonical babbling rate at 9-11 months of age, indicating that they had not entered the canonical babbling stage by then. Three of them represented less than the 10%ile in the Korean version of the MacArthur-Bates communication development assessment at 18-20 months of age. Conclusion: This study examined the development of canonical babbling from 0-6 months to 18-20 months. This is the first effort to present the development process and onset of the canonical babbling in Korean-learning children. 아동들은 의미 있는 낱말을 산출하기 전까지 다양한 유형의 발 성을 통해 의사소통 의도나 신체적 욕구를 표현한다. Oller (2000) 는 아동들이 초기에 산출하는 다양한 발성을 트림, 딸꾹질 같은 생 리적 발성과 말 같은 발성(speech-like vocalizations)으로 구분하였 다. 말 같은 발성은 생리적 발성이나 웃음, 울음소리와 달리 이후 점 차 말과 언어로 발달된다고 하여 원시발성(protophones)으로 지칭 하였다. 아동들이 제일 처음 산출하는 원시발성은 불완전한 성대 의 움직임으로 인해 완전히 공명되지 못한 채 산출되는 준 모음 (quasi-vowels)이며, 이후 성대가 점차 발달하여 정상적인 성대 진 동을 통해 완전히 공명된 모음(vowels)을 산출할 수 있게 된다. 또 한 입술, 턱, 혀 등의 조음기관의 움직임을 통해 자음 같은 소리(closant)를 포함하는 경계선 옹알이(marginal babbling)를 산출할 수 있게 된다. 경계선 옹알이는 느린 조음기관 개폐 움직임으로 인해 자음 같은 소리와 모음 사이의 포먼트 전이(formant transition) 구 간이 대략 120 ms 이상으로 길어 지각이 가능한 것이 특징이다. 이 후 아동은 조음기관의 움직임이 완전해지고 빨라지게 되면서 자음 과 모음이 사이의 포먼트 전이 구간이 짧은 음절성 옹알이(canonical babbling)를 산출할 수 있게 된다(Lee, Jhang, Relyea, Chen, & Oller, 2018).
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