This study aimed to examine the effect of pre-operative information by audiovisual media on patients before bariatric surgery. Methods: This study was conducted from July 4 to October 25, 2019 at Busan city in South Korea. Non-equivalent control groups with quasi-experimental design were used. A total of 24 patients were assigned to the experiment group (n=12) and the control group (n=12). Experimental tools provided information using audiovisual media, including a seven-step introduction of video contents. After that, the investigator used a Universal Serial Bus (USB) to transmit the "Obesity Escape" program to the electronic devices (smartphones, laptops, etc.) belonging to the patient or guardian, and then provided a self-learning checklist. The subjects self-learned through reviewing the items in the checklist at least three times each day at home for a total of two weeks until the day of re-admission until discharge. The investigator provided encouragement and counseling by phone once a week (every Friday). Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in the preoperative self-care (p<.001) and preoperative self-efficacy (p=.001), and preoperative state anxiety (p=.036). Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that the use of audiovisual media can be actively used in the nursing practice field to increase preoperative self-care and preoperative self-efficacy and reduce preoperative state anxiety in patients before bariatric surgery.

This study aimed to develop evidence-based nursing practice guidelines for pain management in patients with dementia and to verify their effects. Methods: Guidelines were developed according to the Clinical Practice Guideline Adaptation Manual. Additionally the quality of six guidelines was evaluated using the AGREE (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation) tool. Subsequently, the guidelines were translated into Korean and a preliminary set of guidelines was established. After a group of experts confirmed the content validity of the guidelines, the Korean version was applied to clinical settings for 4 weeks, to examine their applicability. Data was collected from April to August 2017. The dependent variables were nurses' knowledge and attitudes about pain management in patients with dementia, pain assessment frequency, use of pharmacological and nonpharmacological intervention to reduce pain, and subjective and objective pain scores of patients with dementia. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, and analysis of covariance with SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: Nurses in the experimental group had a higher degree of knowledge and more positive attitudes regarding pain management, and they reported a higher frequency of pain assessment as compared to those in the control group. As compared to patients in the control group, those in the experimental group had more days of regular treatment with analgesics and were provided with a higher analgesics dose as well as more frequently received physical and relaxation therapies. The two groups did not show significant differences in subjective and objective pain scores. Conclusion: The present findings indicates that the evidence-based guidelines for pain management developed in this study were effective in helping nurses and patients with dementia to resolve their pain for which they were currently seeking treatment.

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This study aimed to investigate a successful aging experience of aged on the in-home benefits of long-term care insurance. Methods: The participants included 12 aged individuals receiving such benefits. Data were collected using in-depth interviews from November of 2016 to July of 2017. The qualitative analysis process followed the grounded theory method by Strauss and Corbin. Results: The research results indicate that the core category was "living my life in my home using my remaining abilities". The phenomenon was "recognizing the limitations of my body", and causal conditions were "old and sick body" and "depression". The interaction strategies were "examining my body", "engaging in self-reflection", "controlling my mind", "taking care of my health according to the illnesses I experience", "managing my remaining abilities", "connecting with a supportive network", and "spending time". The outcomes were "living by adapting to my limited body conditions", "leading my life with the help of others", "sharing the meaning of life with others", and "reestablishing my life values". Conclusion: Based on the this results, systematic health management programs such as personalized physical activity to maintain and preserve remaining function of the body should be develop to maintain the life in my home for aged.

This study was conducted to develop a predictive model for happiness of students in general high schools. The study was based on the theory of happiness integration and the literature review. Methods: Data were collected using a convenience sample of 231 first and second grade students in five general high schools in D city and K Province. The exogenous variables were optimism as personality factors, parenting attitude, academic stress and friend's support as happiness. The endogenous variables were self-esteem and resilience as mediating variables, and happiness of students in general high schools. Data collection was done from March 14 to March 28, 2019. The AMOS 22.0 and SPSS programs were used to verify the validity of confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis models. Results: The factors that have the greatest influence on happiness of high school students are self-esteem and resilience. The explanatory power of happiness by these variables was 98.1%. The individual mediating effect and double mediation effect of these variables were found to be significant. Conclusion: As student's optimistic personality, parent's positive parenting attitude, and friend's support improve student's self-esteem and resilience, ultimately positively affecting high school students' happiness, so it is necessary to consider these factors and try to develop a happiness improvement program.