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This study was done to analyze effects of leader-member exchange as perceived by nurses who returned to work after parental leave: conflict between work and family via job stress. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted and data were collected from 140 nurses. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 program (descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis). Results: Mean scores were 3.44±0.64 out of 5 for leader-member exchange, 3.45±0.59 out of 5 for job stress, and 2.82±0.80 out of 5 for conflict between work and family. The leader-member exchange had negative correlations with job stress (r=-.31, p=.003) and conflict between work and family (r=-.36, p<.001). The leader-member exchange had direct impacts on conflict between work and family (β=-.26, p=.002) and indirect via job stress (β=.35, p<.001). Job stress had partial mediating effects on relations between leader-member exchange and conflict between work and family (Z=-3.00, p<.001). The leader-member exchange and job stress explained 41% of the conflict between work and family. Conclusion: The findings from this study indicate that active human resource management policies should be established in order to increase the leader-member exchange.

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Purpose: This study examines the attitude of South Korean adults toward food aid to North Korea and factors associated with it. Methods: An online survey involving 1,000 adults aged 19-69 years was conducted between September-October 2019. Throughout South Korea, the subjects were proportionally distributed with respect to gender, age, and region, to represent South Korean adults. Results: A total of 44.6% of the respondents agreed (Agreement group), 36.7% disagreed (Disagreement group), and 18.7% neither agreed nor disagreed to food aid to North Korea. Compared to the Disagreement group, the Agreement group had a higher concern of food aid to North Korea and a more positive perception on the effect of it. The Agreement group selected "direct assistance from the government" whereas the Disagreement group chose "support through international organizations" as the most appropriate channel for food aid to North Korea. Logistic regression analysis revealed that South Korean adults showing a more positive perception on the effect of food aid to North Korea were more likely to agree to the aid (odds ratio [OR], 19.32). Moreover, compared to the conservatives, the progressives were more likely to agree to food aid to North Korea (OR, 5.94). South Korean adults in their 40-50s were more likely to agree to food aid to North Korea than those in their 20-30s (OR, 2.81). South Korean adults with a higher concern of food aid to North Korea (OR, 3.93) and a greater positive perception on Korean unification (OR, 1.88) were more likely to agree to food aid to North Korea. Conclusion:The most important factor associated with the attitude of South Korean adults toward food aid to North Korea was their perception on the subsequent effect. As strategies to draw social consensus on food aid to North Korea, we recommend systematizing the monitoring process on the effect of providing food aid to North Korea and informing the public of the outcomes.