What this social worker learned from more than a decade of training and counseling on anxiety, depression, and stress factors felt by pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes was that diabetes itself had a large impact on families as well, so the impact of diabetes could be classified as a "family disease," whether positive or negative. While training at the site (hospital), most of the time, rather than receiving direct questions from mothers or their families, social workers were told about the difficulties that mothers reported, which included that many people wanted to educate their families about their disease. In fact, most mothers who participated in education had big and small difficulties in these areas. Therefore, we learned that effective diabetes management requires active family cooperation and that positive interactions between pregnant women and their families are necessary.

The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and the concurrent validity between tinetti mobility test (TMT), berg balance scale (BBS) and space balance 3D which is one of the computerized measurement and visual feedback balance assessment system in subacute stroke patients. Twenty three ambulatory acute stroke subjects were measured the TMT, BBS and space balance 3D. The test-retest reliability(intra-class correlation coefficient: ICC) indicated that the static and dynamic balance in space balance 3D considered moderate reliability and TMT, BBS were good reliability. In case of concurrent validity, there were moderate validity (p<.01) between static balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. But there were only poor validity (p<.05) between center to forward-left, center to backward-left phase in dynamic balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. These findings suggest that in subacute stroke patients the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity using the space balance 3D and TMT were valuable in balance test but there was limitation to evaluate dynamic balance test.■ keyword :|Stroke|Balance|Reliability|Concurrent Validity|

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