With the world's fastest-growing aged population, dementia care has become a major public health concern in Korea, prompting the emergence of the policy of national responsibility for dementia care. Over the past one year since the introduction of the new policy, it has shown its strengths and weaknesses. Now is the time for us to put the current status of this policy into perspective in terms of the benefits for patients and caregivers as well as the cost-effectiveness in the management of dementia. In addition, we will suggest the optimal quality control system and education program for dementia care hospitals, highlighting the critical role of neurologists for the success of the national responsibility policy for dementia care.