This study was carried out to investigate the domestic and international development of a new cultivar of the Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus L.), the Korean national flower, and the protection of the new plant variety. In addition, it will be used as basic data for the expansion of domestic distribution, promoting oversea export, and expanding the range of landscape architectural use. A total of 97 varieties received plant variety protection rights from the Korea Seed & Variety Service from 2004 to 2018. The selection criteria were plants having unique flowers, growth habits, and variegated leaves. Some cultivars with unique features, such as flower size, shape, and red eyes were available for focus planting. Plant varieties with tall and strong growth patterns have been highly valuable for street and focus planting. Cultivars with dwarf stems and compact branches are utilized for pot planting and bonsai. The protected cultivars were mostly single flower varieties, with two semi-double flowers. There were 57 cultivars of pink flowers with red eyes and 21 cultivars of white flowers with red eyes. There were 61 cultivars developed by crossing, 23 cultivars through interspecific hybridization and 7 cultivars developed through radiation treatment and mutation. The Hibiscus cultivars registered to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) consisted of seven cultivars each from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands, four from South Korea, and three from Belgium. The Hibiscus cultivars registered to the European Community Plant Variety Office (CPVO) consisted of 16 cultivars from France, 9 from the Netherlands, 5 from the UK and 1 from Belgium. The cultivars that received both plant patent and plant breeder rights in the United States and Canada were`America Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 195Irene Scott,`Antong Two,`CARPA`,DVPazurrì,Gandini Santiago,`Gandini van Aart,ÌLVO347,ÌLVOPS`,JWNWOOD 4,Ǹotwood3,RWOODS5`,SHIMCR1,SHIMRR38,SHIMRV24, andTHEISSHSSTL.SHIMCR1`andSHIMRV24`acquired both domesti c pl ant protecti on rights and overseas pl ant patents.The 14 cultivars that received both US plant patents and European protection rights wereÀmeri ca Irene Scott,Bricutts`, DVPAZURRI,Gandi ni Santi ago,Gandini van Aart,`JWNWOOD4,MINDOUB1,MINDOUR1,`MINDOUV5,`NOTWOOD3, RWOODS5,RWOODS6,Summer Hol iday, andSummer Ni ght. The cul ti vars that obtai ned US patents consi sted of 18 cul ti vars (52. 9%) with double flowers, 4 cultivars (11.8%) with semi -double flowers, and 12 cultivars (35. 3%) with si ngle flowers. The cultivars that obtained European new variety protection ri ghts, consisted of 11 cultivars (34. 3%) wi th double flowers, 12 cultivars (21. 9%) wi th semi-double flowers, and 14 cultivars (43. 8%) with si ngle fl owers. In the future, new cul ti vars of H. syriacus need to be devel oped i n order to expand domesti c di stri buti on and export abroad. In addi ti on, when devel opi ng new cul ti vars, i t i s requi red to develop cul ti vars wi th shorter bran...

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of shading and pot size on the growth of Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala after planting in the landscape. The seedlings were transplanted in Pot A (D155×H150mm) and Pot B (D90×H100mm), and then grown under 0, 30, 60, and 80% shading. The number and length of petioles, thickness of leaves, fresh and dry weight were measured. The number of petioles was significantly more under 30~60% shading. The length of petioles showed longest under 80% shading, but the petioles were actually overgrown and degenerated. As a result, the length of petioles also showed better under 30~60% shading. The thickness of leaves increased more under 30~60% shading compared to 80% shading. The fresh and dry weight increased in the order of 60, 30, 0, and 80% shading. The total growth was overall best under 30~60% shading. The plants grown in pot A showed better than those grown in the pot B. A. buergeriana var. oxysepala as a ground cover plant in the landscape could be planted under about 30~60% shading (sunlight intensity; 20~80Klux or 400~1,600µmol•m-2 •s-1) by an obstacle such as a group of needle-leaf trees, an isolated deciduous tree such as Zelkova serrata (H6.0×R60), Ailanthus altissima (H8.0×R50), Ginkgo biloba (H5.5×B25), and a site screened by three to six-story building. Pot A is better than pot B when potted plants of A. buergeriana var. oxysepala are required to simply make or remove flower beds (bedding and bedding out).

The protection and management of old trees is important in the context of heritage protection and landscape construction. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk indicators of the health evaluation system for the old trees, and to provide methods for the protection and management of the old trees that are at risk. According to the index and weighted values obtained in the previous study the scores can be calculated on a 100-point scale. According to the score, the grades are divided into 5 levels. This study takes the case of a total of 30 old trees, including a Chinese juniper, located in Gyeongju Yangdong village, to evaluate the degree of danger in their actual condition. The results showed that of the Chinese juniper tree is at the healthy level, with the score of about 70, and is therefore in Level C. The trees in Yangdong village at high risk should be improved quickly. The standards set for the 5-level score graph and the establishment of a health evaluation system can reflect the actual situation of the old trees in Yangdong village, so it is both practical and scientific.