1-Octen-3-ol inhibits conidia germination of Penicillium paneum despite of mild effects on membrane permeability, respiration, intracellular pH, and changes the protein composition

Abstract

1-Octen-3-ol is a volatile germination self-inhibitor produced by Penicillium paneum that blocks the germination process. The size of conidia treated with 1-octen-3-ol was similar to that of freshly harvested conidia. Exposure to 1-octen-3-ol resulted in staining of 10-20% of the conidia with PI and TOTO, fluorescent DNA probes that cannot enter cells with an intact membrane, whereas only 3-5% of non-treated conidia were stained. Addition of 1-octen-3-ol to germinating conidia resulted in transient dissipation of the pH gradient. From this, we conclude that slight permeabilisation of the fungal membrane occurs in the presence of the inhibitor. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis of protein patterns revealed striking differences between non-germinated conidia, germinated conidia and 1-octen-3-ol-treated conidia. In conclusion, 1-octen-3-ol has mild effects on the plasma membrane, but interferes with essential metabolic processes, such as swelling and germination of the conidia, but in a reversible manner.

Reproduction without sex: conidiation in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma

“…The addition of 1-octen-3-ol to Penicillium paneum conidia results in a slight permeabilization of the plasma membrane and significantly alters protein expression (Chitarra et al, 2005). Changes in membrane permeability are known to accompany conidiation in Trichoderma but are not themselves sufficient to induce conidiation (Nemcovic et al, 2008).…”

Effects of Three Volatile Oxylipins on Colony Development in Two Species of Fungi and on Drosophila Larval Metamorphosis

“…(N = 270) **P \ 0.01, ***P \ 0.001 postharvest storage of strawberry, blackberry, and grape [2]. Although it has not been used for postharvest control of pathogens, 1-octen-3-ol inhibits spore germination and induces microconidiation in Penicillium paneum [11,12]. The ability of eight-carbon volatiles to affect germination of conidia was also reported with Aspergillus nidulans [26] and Lecanicillium fungicola [3].…”

“…For example, under conditions of high spore density, 1-octen-3-ol functions as a self-inhibitor in Penicillium paneum and Agaricus bisporus [11,12,52]. Selfinhibitors inhibit spore germination reversibly, possibly through effects on the plasma membrane [12]. At certain concentrations, the eight-carbon oxylipins 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, and 3-octanol stimulate aerial conidiation in Aspergillus nidulans [26].…”

“…The chemical names and structures, odor properties, and some examples of functionality of the compounds used in this study IUPAC name (names used in this study) Self-inhibitor of Penicillium paneum[11,12]; conidiation induction in Trichoderma spp [49]. …”

Secondary Metabolites Approach to Study the Bio-Efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum Isolates in India

“…Galindo et al, 2004, well-described 6-pentyla-pyrone (6-PAP) as a volatile product of secondary metabolism and this compounds act as herbicide and antimicrobial. In addition to, Combet et al, 2006, was reported, eight carbon volatile compounds such as 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, 3-octanol and 1-octen-3-one and these compounds are typical mushroom components and they play important role such as insect attractants, exhibit fungi-static and fungicidal effects (Chitarra et al, 2004;2005;Okull et al, 2003).…”