10 Years Experience with Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates in the Netherlands

Korte, Dirk de

doi:10.1159/000330312

Cited by 35 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Many countries have implemented automated culture systems using the negative-to-date concept to screen PCs for bacterial contamination [13,20,21,22,23]. Cultivation or incubation methods require time for signal production as they depend on microbial growth.…”

Section: Diagnostic Methods - Bacterial Screening Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The suspicion that increased transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections (TTBIs) may be due to longer storage of PCs, led to the shelf life also being reduced in the USA to 5 days and in Japan to 3 days. However, after implementing a bacterial platelet screening strategy several countries, including Denmark, Ireland, The Netherlands, and UK, extended the storage time up to 6.5 or 7 days [12,13]. Since the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) standard 5.15.1 in 2004 recommended the implementation of methods to limit or detect bacterial contamination, a variety of methods for platelet bacteria screening have been evaluated in many studies worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Störmer

Vollmer

2013

Transfus Med Hemother

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Bacterial contamination of blood components and the prevention of transfusion-associated bacterial infection still remains a major challenge in transfusion medicine. Over the past few decades, a significant reduction in the transmission of viral infections has been achieved due to the introduction of mandatory virus screening. Platelet concentrates (PCs) represent one of the highest risks for bacterial infection. This is due to the required storage conditions for PCs in gas-permeable containers at room temperature with constant agitation, which support bacterial proliferation from low contamination levels to high titers. In contrast to virus screening, since 1997 in Germany bacterial testing of PCs is only performed as a routine quality control or, since 2008, to prolong the shelf life to 5 days. In general, bacterial screening of PCs by cultivation methods is implemented by the various blood services. Although these culturing systems will remain the gold standard, the significance of rapid methods for screening for bacterial contamination has increased over the last few years. These new methods provide powerful tools for increasing the bacterial safety of blood components. This article summarizes the course of policies and provisions introduced to increase bacterial safety of blood components in Germany. Furthermore, we give an overview of the different diagnostic methods for bacterial screening of PCs and their current applicability in routine screening processes.

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Section: Diagnostic Methods - Bacterial Screening Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Störmer

Vollmer

2013

Transfus Med Hemother

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“…de Korte [15] describes the Dutch experience with 10 years bacterial screening of platelets with the BacT/ALERT culturing system using a high inoculation volume and release of products on a 'negative-to-date' basis. In the Netherlands platelets have a maximum shelf life of 7 days since 2002.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Bacterial Contamination on Blood Supply

Walther-Wenke

Schmidt

2011

Transfus Med Hemother

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“…PC are stored in ~72% SSP+/~28% plasma for up to five days at 20-24 o C with continuous agitation [45]. The shelf life of PC has been extended to up to 7 days in some European countries [121,122] and in the United States [123]. In the FDA guideline established in 1999, a minimum standard for in-vivo survival and recovery has not been implemented [124].…”

Section: Pc Processing and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the introduction of bacterial screening the shelf life of PC has been extended up to 7 days in some European countries [121,122] and the United States [123], but remains at 5 days in Australia. During ex-vivo PC storage, platelets undergo progressive biochemical and biomechanical modifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of dendritic cell immune profile in models of transfusion

Ki¹

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Blood transfusion modulates recipients' immune responses sometimes resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Further, transfusion with blood products at date-of-expiry has been associated with exacerbation of this concerning problem. In-vitro studies have demonstrated exposure to packed red blood cell (PRBC) and platelet products modulate the responses of leukocytes, however, there are limited studies on the impact of transfusion on dendritic cells (DC). Despite DC being central to the immune response, their role in transfusion-related immune modulation remains largely undefined. I hypothesised that exposure to blood components changes DC phenotype and function, which could be one mechanism underpinning transfusion-related immune modulation. The potential for blood components (PRBC, buffy-coat-derived platelet concentrates (PC) and cryopreserved platelets (cryo-PLT)) to modulate responses of myeloid dendritic cells ii whether blood components exposing F-actin for Clec9A ligation were present within the blood product. rhClec9A did not bind fresh or stored PRBC, and this outcome was supported by the lack of detection of F-actin. Although, no binding of rhClec9A to PC or cryo-PLT was demonstrated, F-actin was detected on both types of platelet products. As binding of rhClec9A to PRBC, PC or cryo-PLT was not detected, EDTA blood collection tubes were used for the remainder of the study under the premise that lack of expression of this receptor would not impact on outcomes in my transfusion models.I assessed the impact of fresh and/or stored blood products on mDC and BDCA3 + DC surface antigen and inflammatory profile using a human in-vitro whole blood model of transfusion. In parallel, to model the processes associated with viral or bacterial infection, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added respectively. Exposure to PRBC and PC predominately suppressed surface antigen expression (CD40, CD80, CD83 and CD86) and inflammatory mediator production (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 or IL-10) on both DC subsets. These changes were often more evident in the presence of polyI:C and LPS, and when DC were exposed to stored PRBC. Similar modulation was evident for BDCA3 + DC when exposed to cryo-PLT alone and cryo-PLT in the presence of polyI:C and LPS. The impact of blood transfusion on the overall inflammatory response by leukocytes was also examined. The immunomodulatory effect of transfusion in-vitro was more pronounced in the presence of polyI:C and LPS. For PRBC, an additional erythrophagocytosis assay was conducted where the uptake of stored PRBC by mDC and BDCA3 + DC was significantly increased in comparison to fresher PRBC.This study provided the first evidence that exposure of PRBC, PC and cryo-PLT modulates mDC and/or BDCA3 + DC maturation and activation. The changes were more pronounced when modelling processes associated with concurrent viral or bacterial infection.Experimental evidence suggested that mod...

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10 Years Experience with Bacterial Screening of Platelet Concentrates in the Netherlands

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Diagnostic Methods for Platelet Bacteria Screening: Current Status and Developments

Impact of Bacterial Contamination on Blood Supply

Characterisation of dendritic cell immune profile in models of transfusion

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