12‐O‐Tetradecanoyl phorbol‐13‐acetate interferes with germination of Phycomyces blakesleeanus sporangiospores

Abstract

The presence of protein kinase C (PKC), a key enzyme in signal transduction, has not been investigated in fungal cells. The phorbol ester TPA, an activator of PKC, may be used as an indicator of the presence and role of PKC in Phycomyces blakesleeanus spores. Activation of spore germination by acetate was prevented by 6 nM TPA. The TPA analog 4aPDD, an ineffective activator of PKC, did not affect spore germination. 3 mM dbcAMP, on the other hand, reversed the inhibition of germination caused by TPA. TPA-stimulated protein kinase activity was detected in spores. The possible relationship between PKC and the increased levels of CAMP that accompany the induction of spore germination is discussed.

Blue Light Signaling Chains in Phycomyces: Phototransduction of Carotenogenesis and Morphogenesis Involves Distinct Protein Kinase/Phosphatase Elements

“…The only cellular process known to date in Phycomyces that implicates PrK C is spore germination. The role of this signaling regulator was probed by a PrK C-specific activator (a phorbol ester) which prevented the germination process in an early phase after spore activation either by acetate or by heat shock (Carillo-Rayas et al, 1988). Although the authors did not discuss the possibility that a PrK C activity may have to be repressed for the germination to proceed normally after the activating signal, an analogy with the present study-i.e., the use of a PrK inhibitor as a response elicitor-is easily drawn.…”

Senkyunolide B exhibits broad‐spectrum antifungal activity against plant and human pathogenic fungi via inhibiting spore germination and destroying the mature biofilm

“…IP 3 could release the calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) from intracellular stores, then the Ca 2+ and/or DAG could activate protein kinase C (PKC) 43 . PKC is implicated in a wide range of biological functions in fungi such as cell wall integrity, 44 spore germination 45 . At the same time, Ca 2+ binding to calmodulin could activate calcineurin to regulate conidial germination in Aspergillus fumigatus 46 .…”

“…43 PKC is implicated in a wide range of biological functions in fungi such as cell wall integrity, 44 spore germination. 45 At the same time, Ca 2+ binding to calmodulin could activate calcineurin to regulate conidial germination in Aspergillus fumigatus. 46 As shown in Fig.…”

The small GTP-binding protein Rho is expressed differentially during spore germination of Phycomyces blakesleeanus

“…Another enzyme (possibly chitin synthase) involved in the synthesis of the cell wall could be the target of Rho during the germination process. We have previously reported the presence of protein kinase C activity in dormant spores of P. blakesleeanus (Carrillo-Rayas et al, 1988 …”