137Cs Determination and mutagenicity tests in wild Mus musculus domesticus before and after the Chernobyl accident

Cristaldi, M.; D’Arcangelo, Enzo; Ieradi, Luisa Anna; Mascanzoni, Daniele; Mattei, Tiziana; Castelli, Isabella Van Axel

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(90)90091-p

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[20] to be 3.6 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 mGy/d, compared to the maximum of 86 mGy/d in our study ( Table 2). What is not obvious from our study is why, at doses that were 2.4 million times greater, we do not detect levels of chromosomal damage similar to those previously reported [1][2][3]20]. In addition to an analysis of the raw data, scientific investigations require an analysis of methods and experimental design.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…The animals included in our study were chronically exposed to radiation levels that were far greater than those examined by prior investigators, yet Cris‐taldi et al [1] and Goncharova and Ryabokon [2] reported significant increases in chromosomal damage. Using the equation from Chesser et al [4] for conversion of Bq/g to an estimate of absorbed dose of 137 Cs in small mammals, we estimated the maximum dose for the population sampled by Cristaldi et al [20] to be 3.6 × 10 −5 mGy/d, compared to the maximum of 86 mGy/d in our study (Table 2). What is not obvious from our study is why, at doses that were 2.4 million times greater, we do not detect levels of chromosomal damage similar to those previously reported [1–3,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Frequencies of micronuclei in bank voles from zones of high radiation at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Rodgers

Baker

2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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A population of Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole) from a highly radioactive area within the Chornobyl, Ukraine exclusion zone was sampled in June 1997 and in June and October 1998. Internal radiation doses from radiocesium were estimated to be as high as 8 rads/d. Total dose, which takes into account the internal dose from radiostrontium and the surrounding environment, was estimated to be 15 to 20 rads/d. In contrast, individuals from a reference population lying outside of the exclusion zone registered negligible levels of contamination. We used the micronucleus test in a double‐blind study to analyze blood samples from 58 individuals. We scored more than 600,000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) but could not reject the null hypothesis that the frequency of micronucleated PCEs in voles exposed to radiation was equal to the frequency in unexposed voles. Results of our study stand in sharp contrast to earlier reports of increased frequencies of micronuclei in rodents exposed to fallout of the Chornobyl accident, but with radiation doses that were orders of magnitude lower than those reported here. Radioresistance and experimental methods are possible explanations for these differences in the results.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Frequencies of micronuclei in bank voles from zones of high radiation at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Rodgers

Baker

2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Levels of contamination and dose rate estimates reported here would be expected to confer considerable insult to genetic material by ionizing radiation. Genetic damage and elevated rates of chromosomal aberrations has been reported for animals [9,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39] and exposed humans [40][41][42] from the Chornobyl region. Elevated mutation rates were reported for a mitochondrial gene for rodents from Chornobyl [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations and Dose Rate Estimates of 134,137cesium and 90strontium in Small Mammals at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Chesser¹,

Sugg²,

Lomakin³

et al. 2000

Environ Toxicol Chem

118

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Abstract-Free-ranging mammals near the Chornobyl nuclear reactor are experiencing substantial radiation dose rates from intramuscular concentrations of 134,137 Cs and skeletal 90 Sr. Radiocesium concentrations averaged 3,200 Bq/g of dry muscle, compared to a mean of 297 Bq 90 Sr/g in bone for mammals in the Exclusion Zone, a region of restricted human activity surrounding the reactor. Estimates of dose rates from intramuscular sources of radiocesium averaged 2.4 mGy/d within 8 km of the reactor and ranged as high as 60 mGy/d. Overall dose rates from internal 90 Sr for mammals in the Exclusion Zone averaged 1.0 mGy/d, although doses to specific tissues are likely much higher. Mammals captured 30 km southeast of the reactor averaged only 2 Bq/g of muscle and were receiving an average of 1.4 Gy/d from internal radiocesium. Dramatic variation exists in the spatial pattern of radiocesium in areas immediately surrounding the reactor and within and between remediated and unremediated regions. The variance of 90 Sr for taxa among sites was significantly less than that for 134,137 Cs. Thermoluminescent dosimeters placed on free-ranging mice showed that dose rates from external sources of radiation were much greater than the dose rates from internal sources of radiocesium. Estimated dose rates in very small areas of the Chornobyl region exceed those reported to impede reproductive success in mammals.

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“…The relationship between genotoxicants and permanent, transmissible genetic changes in organisms is unclear [36][37][38][39], but most studies have shown that some damage to DNA is associated with radiation [19,36,[40][41][42][43][44]. For humans, a definite health risk has been established for exposure to particular doses of radiation [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage and radiocesium in channel catfish from chernobyl

Sugg

Brooks

Jagoe

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The explosion of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant resulted in some of the most radioactively contaminated habitats on earth. Despite evacuation of all human inhabitants from the most contaminated areas, animals and plants continue to thrive in these areas. This study examines the levels of contamination and genetic damage associated with radiocesium in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) from the cooling pond and a control site. In general, catfish from the cooling pond exhibit greater genetic damage, and the amount of damage is related to the concentration of radiocesium in individual fish. Genetic damage is primarily in the form of DNA strand breaks, with few micronuclei being observed in contaminated fish. The possible roles that acclimation and adaption play in the response to high levels of radiation exposure are discussed.

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137Cs Determination and mutagenicity tests in wild Mus musculus domesticus before and after the Chernobyl accident

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Frequencies of micronuclei in bank voles from zones of high radiation at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Frequencies of micronuclei in bank voles from zones of high radiation at Chornobyl, Ukraine

Concentrations and Dose Rate Estimates of 134,137cesium and 90strontium in Small Mammals at Chornobyl, Ukraine

DNA damage and radiocesium in channel catfish from chernobyl

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