“…However, there are several limitations to mass spectrometry such as the potential for ion suppression caused by co-eluting ions from contaminating substances to yield false negative results (Hird et al, 2014;Kaufmann, Butcher, Maden, Walker, & Widmer, 2010). In this regard, stable isotope internal standards have been used to control ion suppression (Berg & Strand, 2011). Recently, high resolution mass spectrometry such as time of flight (Boix et al, 2014;Nacher-Mestre, Ibanez, Serrano, Perez-Sanchez, & Hernandez, 2013) and Orbitrap (Cepurnieks, Rjabova, Zacs, & Bartkevics, 2015;Li, Shen, Jiang, Huang, & Zhuo, 2013) has been successfully implemented to detect unknown metabolites or degradation products in wide-scope matrices.…”