14-18 Years old children attitudes, perception and motivation towards extra curricular physical activity and sport

Abstract

Pano G, Markola L. 14-18 Years old children attitudes, perception and motivation towards extra curricular physical activity and sport. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 7, No. Proc1, pp. S51-S66, 2012. Factors affecting children's attitudes towards physical activity (PA) and physical education are complex and mediated by a range of variables such as social class, gender and race; body image and physical identity. 1062 highschool students (465 B and 597 G) 14-18 years old from 6 different Public high schools of Albania have fulfilled a questionnaire (EC DG EA), during January-June 2011 (only 6 questions were considered relevant). The aim was to reveal the 14.18 years old students attitudes and perception towards PA and Sport. Results show that: 14.21% e the subject's engage with PA and sport regularly despite their PA school program. 39% engage with one kind of PA or sport during the week and also 36% are active rarely. B have a higher activation indicator (19.78%) compared with G (9.88%). They are active mostly "for fun" with 35.87% and for "improving their physical image" with 33.08%. Lack of free time (53.57%) and the lack of sport facilities (20.43%) are the main reasons why they don't engage with PA and sport despite their sport school program. There is a lack of information regarding the benefits of participation in PA and sport for this age. It is very necessary that the local or governmental authorities to create extracurricular PA programs and to offer more sport facilities and opportunities for this group-age. More studies focused on this group age are necessary in order to evaluate which is the most proper PA program for this group-age.

Motivations for participation in physical activity across the lifespan

“…The high importance of fun in PA has been noted in a single cohort study of 14-18 year olds (Pano & Markola, 2012), but this result provides only partial insight into the meaning of fun and friends across the lifespan. Fortunately, Seippel's (2006) study of over 1,400 Norwegian recreational athletes provides greater contrast for our research.…”

Motives and Barriers Related to Physical Activity and Sport across Social Backgrounds: Implications for Health Promotion

“…Prominent motives for physical activity among young adults were: enjoyment (operationalised as not being bored and because it was fun) [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], physical appearance (to improve physical image and physical identity) [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] and social interaction (physical activities may create social unity and an arena for meeting new people) [ 39 , 42 ].…”

“…Several studies referred barriers to physical activity for young adults as a shortage of facilities and a shortage of suitable activities (targeted at or suitable for young adults) [ 37 , 38 ]. Another barrier among young adults was time restrictions operationalised as general lack of time [ 36 , 38 , 43 ] and study commitments [ 44 ].…”

Rozvoj vnitřní motivace ke sportování u dětí školního věku se zaměřením na pozitivní prožitky

“…Na základě několika teorií a výsledků studií (Charlton & Winsler, 1998;Ryan, R., Frederick, C., Lepes, D., Rubio, N. & Sheldon, K., 1997;Pano & Marcola, 2012) je známo, že za rozvojem vnitř-ní motivace nejen dětí v jakémkoliv sportovním odvětví stojí především touha soutěžit a existence pozitivních prožitků při vykonávání dané sportovní aktivity. A jakkoliv je i touha soutěžit u jedinců mladšího a staršího školního věku relativně dobře manipulovatelná, mnohem lehčí je pro trenéry uzpůsobit své tréninky tak, aby si z nich dítě odneslo pozitivní vzpomínky.…”