1407 Candida Colonization and Infection in Very Low Birthweight (Vlbw) in the Intensive Care Nursery (Icn)

Hageman, Joseph R; Stenske, Jane E.; Keuler, H; Randall, Eileen L.

doi:10.1203/00006450-198504000-01431

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In a study of athymic mice given an oral challenge with Candida, fungal colonization was attenuated in mice with a normal gut flora compared to those with a germ-free microflora (196). This highlights the fact that the intestinal micro- (30,183,255,395) and is higher (63%) when stool is cultured directly (362). In a study that examined rectal colonization from birth until day 56 of life in VLBW infants, there was no new rectal fungal colonization after day 28 of life (255).…”

Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candida accounts for approximately 12% of LONS in VLBW infants (Table 2) (37,402,454). In most centers, the incidence of fungal sepsis among VLBW infants ranges from 2 to 6.8% and is inversely proportional to gestational age and birth weight (30,183,215,246,255,302,362,395,402). The incidence of fungal sepsis among preterm infants has increased considerably over the last two decades.…”

Section: Fungal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal colonization of the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract occurs in 10% of full-term infants compared to 26.7 to 62.5% of VLBW infants in the first weeks of life (Table 4). In a single-site study, fungal colonization was three times more likely to occur in VLBW infants, being found in 47% of the VLBW infants (18 of 38) compared to 14% of infants with birth weight of Ͼ1,500 g (31 of 219) (P Ͻ 0.001) (183).…”

Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In VLBW infants, C. albicans accounts for 50 to 97% of cases of fungal colonization (Table 4) and about 50% of cases of fungal sepsis (30,183,215,246,255,362,395,402). Compared to other Candida species, C. albicans demonstrates increased adherence to and penetration of vascular endothelium, possibly accounting for its higher incidence as a cause of sepsis, end-organ dissemination, and mortality (158,225,352,494).…”

Section: Fungal Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candida may alter its surface structure in the presence of high glucose, increasing its adherence and proliferative properties (99,370,372,375). Skin maturation occurs by 2 weeks of life in extreme preterm infants, after which new fungal skin colonization occurs less frequently (30,183,215).…”

Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2004

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Twenty percent of very-low-birth-weight (<1500 g) preterm infants experience a serious systemic infection, and despite advances in neonatal intensive care and antimicrobials, mortality is as much as threefold higher for these infants who develop sepsis than their counterparts without sepsis during their hospitalization. Outcomes may be improved by preventative strategies, earlier and accurate diagnosis, and adjunct therapies to combat infection and protect the vulnerable preterm infant during an infection. Earlier diagnosis on the basis of factors such as abnormal heart rate characteristics may offer the ability to initiate treatment prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Molecular and adjunctive diagnostics may also aid in diagnosing invasive infection when clinical symptoms indicate infection but no organisms are isolated in culture. Due to the high morbidity and mortality, preventative and adjunctive therapies are needed. Prophylaxis has been effective in preventing early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis and late-onset Candida sepsis. Future research in prophylaxis using active and passive immunization strategies offers prevention without the risk of resistance to antimicrobials. Identification of the differences in neonatal intensive care units with low and high infection rates and implementation of infection control measures remain paramount in each neonatal intensive care unit caring for preterm infants

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Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fungal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2004

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Risk factors of infection and digestive tract colonization byCandida spp. in a neonatal intensive care unit

et al. 1995

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In this study we determined the risk factors for infection and colonization by Candida spp. in our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). We designed a cohort study in the NICU of the La Paz University Hospital. Over a one year period, 153 neonates admitted to the NICU were studied. In the bivariable analysis, hospitalization period, central catheterization, parenteral feeding, parenteral lipid feeding, respiratory support and premature rupture of the membranes (PRM) were statistically associated with infection and colonization; age was only associated with infection. Logistic regression was used to control the confusing factors. The hospitalization period was a risk factor for infection and colonization. PRMs were also colonization risk factors. We developed a statistical equation that predicts the probability of infection or colonization by Candida spp. that are related to a neonate's specific characteristics. The equation helps us to develop preventive procedures.

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Genotyping analysis of colonizing candidal isolates from very-low-birthweight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit

Huang

et al. 2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

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1407 Candida Colonization and Infection in Very Low Birthweight (Vlbw) in the Intensive Care Nursery (Icn)

Abstract: Follow-up of infants <1.5kg (VLBW) has focused predominantly on birth weight(^^) rather than gestational age(GA). We sought to

Cited by 5 publications

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Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Risk factors of infection and digestive tract colonization byCandida spp. in a neonatal intensive care unit

Genotyping analysis of colonizing candidal isolates from very-low-birthweight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit

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