18F-FDG PET/CT in HIV-related central nervous system pathology

Lewitschnig, Scarlett; Gedela, Keerti; Toby, Martina; Kulasegaram, Ranjababu; Nelson, Mark; O’Doherty, Michael; Cook, Gary

doi:10.1007/s00259-013-2448-1

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Taking several studies together, this technique has a diagnostic sensitivity in PCNSL of 76%–100% [4, 28]. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is higher in PCNSL than in gliomas [29, 30]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT have become two of the most powerful tools for malignant lymphoma exploration, but their diagnostic role in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is still disputed. The purpose of our study is to identify the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT for detecting PCNSL.ResultsA total of 129 patients, obtained from eight eligible studies, were included for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The performance of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT for diagnosing PCNSL were as follows: the pooled sensitivity was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80–0.94), specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.73–0.94), positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 3.99 (95% CI: 2.31–6.90), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.04-0.32), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 33.40 (95% CI: 10.40–107.3). In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) and Q index were 0.9192 and 0.8525, respectively.Materials and MethodsPubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for potential publications (last updated on July 16th, 2016). Reference lists of included articles were also checked. Original articles that reported data on patients who were suspected of having PCNSL were considered suitable for inclusion. The sensitivities and specificities of 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in each study were evaluated. The Stata software and Meta-Disc software were employed in the process of data analysis.Conclusions18F-FDG PET and PET/CT showed considerable accuracy in identifying PCNSL in immunocompetent patients and could be a valuable radiological diagnostic tool for PCNSL.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 18 F]-FDG PET has the ability to quantify regional differences in cerebral glucose metabolism, which can provide information about the distribution and activation of brain patterns. [ 18 F]-FDG PET has proven to be useful as a diagnostic tool in the clinical evaluation of CNS lesions in patients with HIV, particularly in those with CNS opportunistic infections where [ 18 F]-FDG PET can be used to distinguish between CNS malignancy and infection [31,32].…”

Section: Pet-fdg Brain Imaging In Handmentioning

confidence: 99%

PET brain imaging in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy

Vera

Ridha

Gilleece

et al. 2017

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has lead to a significant reduction in the prevalence and incidence of central nervous system (CNS) HIV-associated brain disease, particularly CNS opportunistic infections and HIV encephalitis. Despite this, cognitive deficits in people living with HIV, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have become more prevalent in recent years. The pathogenesis of HAND is likely to be multifactorial, however recent evidence suggests that brain microglial activation is the most likely pathogenic mechanism. Recent developments in positron emission tomography (PET) brain neuroimaging using novel brain radioligands targeting a variety of physiological changes in the brains of HIV-positive individuals have improved our understanding of the mechanisms associated with the development of HAND. This review will highlight recent PET brain neuroimaging studies in the cART era, focusing on physiological and neurochemical changes associated with HAND in people living with HIV.

show abstract

“…Several studies have shown 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans to be particularly useful in differentiating infections such as toxoplasmosis from malignant lesions such as lymphoma or metastases in HIV-positive patients. In a study of 25 patients by Lewitschnig et al, 11 10 of 11 patients with a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis were correctly diagnosed by PET/CT scan showing 18 F-FDG uptake by the lesion to be less than that of normal brain cortex with a mean SUV max of 3.5 (range 1.9–5.8), while malignant lesions such as CNS lymphoma showed 18 F-FDG uptake greater than normal brain cortex with mean SUV max of 18.8 (range 12.4–29.9). Interestingly, two patients with tuberculosis also showed low 18 F-FDG uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Appearance of CNS histoplasmosis on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT with MRI correlation

Makis¹,

Rakheja²,

Probst³

2016

BJR|case reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disseminated histoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection encountered in immunocompromised patients such as those with human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) can occur in 5–20% of cases of disseminated histoplasmosis, and CNS histoplasmosis can be very difficult to diagnose via conventional imaging modalities such as CT or MRI. The role of 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT scan in the diagnosis of CNS histoplasmosis has not been established. A 66-year-old female presented with dizziness and unsteady gait and was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CNS histoplasmosis. In this report, we present the MRI and 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT image findings.

show abstract

18F-FDG PET/CT in HIV-related central nervous system pathology

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PET brain imaging in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy

Appearance of CNS histoplasmosis on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT with MRI correlation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

18F-FDG PET/CT in HIV-related central nervous system pathology

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnostic value of using 18F-FDG PET and PET/CT in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PET brain imaging in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy

Appearance of CNS histoplasmosis on 18F-FDG PET/CT with MRI correlation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Appearance of CNS histoplasmosis on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT with MRI correlation