1984 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers National Data Collection System

Brown Recluse Spider Envenomation

“…Toxic Exposure Surveillance System data show eight fatalities attributed to L reclusa in the period from 1983 to 2004. In all of these cases the spider was presumed to cause the illness and subsequent death without confirmation, however [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In reported fatalities, patients presented with signs of hemolysis, including jaundice and dark urine; a retrospective diagnosis of spider bite was made when a skin lesion was identified.…”

Pressure-Immobilization Bandages Delay Toxicity in a Porcine Model of Eastern Coral Snake (Micrurus fulvius fulvius) Envenomation

“…[25][26][27][28][29][30] In these studies, venom assays rather than clinical parameters were measured. Both the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories and Monash methods have been effective in retarding systemic spread of real and mock venoms in studies, [9][10][11][12][13][14] but the air splint has not been evaluated in this manner.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The incidence of reported bites has been increasing, and in 2002 there were 97, the most ever recorded. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The mortality rate of untreated envenomations is reported to be near 10%, although no deaths have occurred in the United States since antivenom was introduced in 1967. 21,22 The venom of M fulvius contains low-molecular-weight peptides that block postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors.…”

Efficacy of orally administered montmorillonite for acute iron poisoning detoxification in rat

“…According to American Association of Poison Control Centres report, iron is one of the leading causes of poisoning deaths in children b6 years old (Brown and Gray, 1955;Eshel et al, 2000;Litovitz et al, 1986;Manoguerra et al, 2005;Whittaker et al, 2002). The mainstay of acute iron toxicity management includes early gastrointestinal decontamination by gastric lavage or whole gut irrigation; chelating therapy with deferoxamine (or deferipirone) and organ failure treatment.…”