1RS arm of Secale cereanum ‘Kriszta’ confers resistance to stripe rust, improved yield components and high arabinoxylan content in wheat

Abstract

Wheat-rye T1BL.1RS translocation is widespread worldwide as the genes on 1RS arm have positive effect on stress resistance, grain yield and adaptation ability of wheat. Nowadays, the T1BL.1RS wheat cultivars have become susceptible to rust diseases because of the monophyletic ('Petkus') origin of 1RS. Here we report and discuss the production and detailed investigation of a new T1BL.1RS translocation line carrying 1RS with widened genetic base originating from Secale cereanum. Line '179' exhibited improved spike morphology traits, resistance against stripe rust and leaf rust, as well as higher tillering capacity, fertility and dietary fiber (arabynoxylan) content than the parental wheat genotype. Comparative analyses based on molecular cytogenetic methods and molecular (SSR and DArTseq) makers indicate that the 1RS arm of line '179' is a recombinant of S. cereale and S. strictum homologues, and approximately 16% of its loci were different from that of 'Petkus' origin. 162 (69.5%) 1RS-specific markers were associated with genes, including 10 markers with putative disease resistance functions and LRR domains found on the subtelomeric or pericentromeric regions of 1RS. Line '179' will facilitate the map-based cloning of the resistance genes, and it can contribute to healthy eating and a more cost-efficient wheat production. Interspecific hybridization is one of the most promising way to improve the genetic diversity of bread wheat 1. The most widely known wheat-alien introgression has been the spontaneous translocation T1BL.1RS that is traced back to the cross of wheat 'Criewener 104' × rye 'Petkus Roggen' made in Germany between 1920 and 1930 2. Its effect on morphology and baking quality of bread wheat has been investigated in numerous studies. The positive effect of this translocation on grain yield of hexaploid wheat 3,4 and durum wheat 5,6 is commonly accepted, though in some cases no such effect was shown 7,8. Association between the presence of 1RS and increase in root biomass, water use efficiency as well as harvest index was also found in glasshouse and field experiments 9,10. 1RS arm also contains genes (Pm8, Lr26, Sr31 and Yr9) providing resistance against powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici), leaf rust (Puccinia triticina), stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), and stripe or yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), respectively 11,12 , a reason that led to the widespread utilization of the T1BL.1RS translocation in wheat improvement. However, the resistance genes Lr26, Yr9 and Pm8 are no longer effective against new virulent biotypes of the pathogens in Europe 13. Virulence to the Sr31 resistance gene has also been reported from Uganda 14 , and from Kenya, Ethiopia, Sudan, and Iran 15. Spread of the Sr31-virulent pathotype in countries where wheats carrying the T1BL.1RS chromosome are cultivated can cause serious problems for agriculture as the genetic vulnerability of T1BL.1RS cultivars is the consequence of the lack of allelic variation on the 'Petkus'-derived 1RS arm 4. ...

Molecular markers in the genetic analysis of crossability of bread wheat with rye

“…Kriszta, и за счет рекомбинации между хромосомами T1BL.1RS и 1R в пшеницу были введены новые аллели генов ржи (Molnár-Láng et al, 2010). Одна из таких рекомбинантных форм дала начало линии M9kr1-Kriszta T1BL.1RS line 179, обладающей устойчивостью к желтой и бурой ржавчинам в сочетании с высоким качеством зерна (Szakács et al, 2020). При использовании совместимых с рожью местных китайских сортов пшеницы Mianyang 11 и A42912 были также созданы линии с T1BL.1RS от разных сортов ржи, которые содержали новые эффективные аллели генов ус тойчивости к расам Puccinia striiformis f. sp.…”

A Cross between Bread Wheat and a 2D(2R) Disomic Substitution Triticale Line Leads to the Formation of a Novel Disomic Addition Line and Provides Information of the Role of Rye Secalins on Breadmaking Characteristics

“…Recently, the detection of rye translocation lines, present in the bread wheat Pavon, with elevated Zn and Fe content has been reported by Velu et al [18], whereas Szakács et al [19] using a new 1RS/1BL translocation line, whose 1RS arm originated from the perennial Secale cereanum, found that the novel translocation had improved spike morphology traits, higher tillering capacity, fertility, winter hardiness and resistance against stripe rust and leaf rust. In addition, a large increase in arabinoxylans content (both total and water soluble) was found, compared to the parental bread wheat genotype improving the nutritional value of the material containing the novel 1RS/1BL translocation line.…”

“…Rye represents an important source of useful alien genes for wheat improvement, and at this regard the intergeneric introgressions of the Robertsonian 1BL/1RS wheat-rye translocation represents one of the most successful achievement, as also witnessed by the high number of wheat variety released worldwide [16]. In this material the short arm of wheat chromosome 1B is replaced by its counterpart from the rye genome which arose spontaneously from centromeric breakage reunion and fusion of two chromosome arms broken at the centromere conferring to wheat resistance to several diseases, high yield performance, wide adaptation, resistance to drought, increasing amount of micronutrient, protein content and arabinoxylan content [17][18][19].…”

Parameters of adaptability, biological and economical valuable traits of soft wheat promising lines

“…Of these, only five are of particular economic importance, including 1BL/1RS translocation, to a lesser extent -1АL/1RS. The provenance 1BL/1RS translocation is the soft winter wheat selected lines Riebesel 47-51, derived from rye variety Petkus (Szabo & Kolmer, 2007;Szakács et al, 2020). The source of 1AL/1RS translocation is the Amigo wheat variety, which received it from the Argentine rye variety Insave (Kozub et al, 2018).…”

“…This is especially true for Ukraine, it declares itself on the world market the everincreasing volume of grain exported. Unfortunately, Ukrainian wheat in general is inferior in grain quality to the best world varieties and often does not fully satisfy the national market the level of quality of wheat flour (Rybalka, 2011;Szakács et al, 2020) in the selection of soft winter wheat homogeneous genetic material, besides progress in increasing productivity varieties, caused a narrowing of their genetic basis and an increasing the affinity of the gene pool (Ivanova et al, 2019). This led to that the vast majority of domestic varieties have a narrow technological direction of using (Rybalka, 2011;Kozub et al, 2018;Motsny, et al, 2017).…”