2019 Novel Coronavirus Is Undergoing Active Recombination

Yi, Huiguang

doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa219

Cited by 99 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Shen et al recently found a remarkable level of viral diversity in some infected patients, accounting for a median number of 4 intra-individual viral variants, which is suggestive of the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 [36]. In another study, Yi detected as many as five different SARS-CoV-2 haplotypes, a fact that usually reflects active genetic recombination [37]. Such a viral evolution not only would explain the heterogeneity observed in intra-individual immune response, virulence, pathogenicity and transmissibility [38,39], but the risk of mutation rate changes may also compromise the accuracy of RT-PCR detection.…”

Section: Diagnostic Accuracymentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Lippi

Šimundić²,

Plebani

2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

579

552

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AbstractA novel zoonotic coronavirus outbreak is spreading all over the world. This pandemic disease has now been defined as novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and is sustained by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the current gold standard for the etiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is (real time) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) on respiratory tract specimens, the diagnostic accuracy of this technique shall be considered a foremost prerequisite. Overall, potential RT-PCR vulnerabilities include general preanalytical issues such as identification problems, inadequate procedures for collection, handling, transport and storage of the swabs, collection of inappropriate or inadequate material (for quality or volume), presence of interfering substances, manual errors, as well as specific aspects such as sample contamination and testing patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Some analytical problems may also contribute to jeopardize the diagnostic accuracy, including testing outside the diagnostic window, active viral recombination, use of inadequately validated assays, insufficient harmonization, instrument malfunctioning, along with other specific technical issues. Some practical indications can hence be identified for minimizing the risk of diagnostic errors, encompassing the improvement of diagnostic accuracy by combining clinical evidence with results of chest computed tomography (CT) and RT-PCR, interpretation of RT-PCR results according to epidemiologic, clinical and radiological factors, recollection and testing of upper (or lower) respiratory specimens in patients with negative RT-PCR test results and high suspicion or probability of infection, dissemination of clear instructions for specimen (especially swab) collection, management and storage, together with refinement of molecular target(s) and thorough compliance with analytical procedures, including quality assurance.

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Section: Diagnostic Accuracymentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Lippi

Šimundić²,

Plebani

2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

579

552

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“…Both viruses share an amino acid sequence similarly of 76.5% (8) and utilise angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors as a mode of entry into healthy cells. Variations between the receptor-binding domain of the two brought about by mutations (9), genetic recombination (10), and natural selection (9) enable SARS-CoV-2 to bind to the receptor more effectively (8). Furthermore, evidence of genetic recombination as a mechanism of viral evolution has sparked concerns regarding the misdiagnosis of infections by SARS-CoV-2, inaccurate tracking of transmission rates, adaptation of the virus to human immunity, as well as increasing severity of the infection with time (10).…”

Section: Mode Of Evolution and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence based management guideline for the COVID-19 pandemic - Review article

Nicola

O’Neill

Sohrabi

et al. 2020

International Journal of Surgery

368

328

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COVID-19 has now been declared a pandemic. To date, COVID-19 has affected over 944,181 people worldwide, resulting in over 47,312 reported deaths. Numerous preventative strategies and non-pharmaceutical interventions have been employed to mitigate the spread of disease including careful infection control, the isolation of patients, and social distancing. Management is predominantly focused on the provision of supportive care, with oxygen therapy representing the major treatment intervention. Medical therapy involving corticosteroids and antivirals have also been encouraged as part of critical management schemes. However, there is at present no specific antiviral recommended for the treatment of COVID-19, and no vaccine is currently available. Despite the strategic implementation of these measures, the number of new reported cases continues to rise at a profoundly alarming rate. As new findings emerge, there is an urgent need for up-to-date management guidelines. In response to this call, we review what is currently known regarding the management of COVID-19, and offer an evidence-based review of current practice.

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“…The L type was prevalent during early January 2020 but decreased in later weeks. Furthermore, recent studies support the evolution of the virus by successive mutations and recombination processes [26,27]. Comparative studies of genomes sequenced from cases of disease occurring in European subjects compared to previously sequenced genomes in China are needed to verify the previous findings.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Transmission Of Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, genome, and clinical features of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2: a recent view

Abduljalil

2020

New Microbes and New Infections

129

126

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Since the emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, the number of globally confirmed cases according to World Health Organization statistics reached 292 124 in 189 countries by 22 March 2020. The number of deaths reached 12 784, with estimated case-fatality rates ranging from 0.5% to 5.7%. Children population seems to be the least affected by the disease, while the highest rate of death is among the elderly and people with comorbidities. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic or only exhibit mild symptoms. After the incubation period, the most common symptoms are fever, cough and fatigue.Asymptomatic carrier state is of paramount importance because of carriers' ability to spread the infection and to shed the virus into the air and surroundings. Although much is still unknown about SARS-CoV-2, the scientific research is moving at an unprecedented pace towards understanding the nature, effective control, prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Various reports have suggested an in vivo evolution of the virus, which may explain the rapid spread and changing epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, but further evidence is needed.Unfortunately, no effective treatment or therapeutic drug is available for the disease; only supportive treatment and classical intervention measures are available for confronting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

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2019 Novel Coronavirus Is Undergoing Active Recombination

Cited by 99 publications

References 12 publications

Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Evidence based management guideline for the COVID-19 pandemic - Review article

Epidemiology, genome, and clinical features of the pandemic SARS-CoV-2: a recent view

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