2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and management strategies

Abstract

An ongoing outbreak of 2019‐nCoV pneumonia was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei province, China at the end of 2019. With the spread of the new coronavirus accelerating, person‐to‐person transmission in family homes or hospitals, and intercity spread of 2019‐nCoV occurred. At least 40,261 cases confirmed, 23,589 cases suspected, 909 cases death and 3444 cases cured in China and worldwide 24 countries confirmed 383 cases being diagnosed, 1 case death in February 10th, 2020. At present, the mortality of 2019‐nCoV in China is 2.3%, compared with 9.6% of SARS and 34.4% of MERS reported by WHO. It seems the new virus is not as fatal as many people thought. Chinese authorities improved surveillance network, made the laboratory be able to recognize the outbreak within a few weeks and announced the virus genome that provide efficient epidemiological control. More comprehensive information is required to understand 2019‐nCoV feature, the epidemiology of origin and spreading, and the clinical phenomina. According to the current status, blocking transmission, isolation, protection, and alternative medication are the urgent management strategies against 2019‐nCoV.

A comprehensive Chinese experience against SARS-CoV-2 in ophthalmology

“…Ophthalmologists should be able to identify a suspected case of COVID-19. Typical clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection were onset of fever, generalized weakness, myalgia and dry cough [36,47]. The clinical manifestations of conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients are consistent with other viral conjunctivitis [6].…”

“…SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 all belong to the β-CoV family and can cause fatal pneumonia. MERS-CoV carries the highest fatality rate of 34.5% [35], followed by SARS-CoV (9.6%) [36], then SARS-CoV-2 (3.70%, following data till 12th March 2020), which has a lower disease severity but higher transmission efficiency.…”

“…SARS-CoV-2 has been sequenced and was shown to be 75-80% identical to SARS-CoV and 40% identical to MERS-CoV [36]. SARS-CoV-2 shares the same host receptor with SARS-CoV, the human angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, suggesting a similar transmission route.…”

“…Preoperative CT examination, SARS-CoV-2 (RNA) detection, and blood routine examination are recommended. Testing of nasopharyngeal swab two or more times is recommended in suspected cases with an initially negative result [36]. If CT examination is not available for specialized hospitals or primary hospitals (lack of medical imaging department), or due to some limitations with regards to special groups (such as pregnant women), inspection of hematological indices including C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are suggested as routine tests of preoperative screening for ocular surgery patients.…”

Proteomics of SARS-CoV-2-infected host cells reveals therapy targets

“…Currently, there is no established therapy for COVID-19. Treatment is mainly based on supportive and symptomatic care 4,5 . Therefore, the development of therapies inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection or replication are urgently needed.…”