25‐Hydroxy vitamin D3 serum concentration in dogs with acute polyradiculoneuritis compared to matched controls

Laws, Emma J; Kathrani, Aarti; Harcourt-Brown, Tom; Granger, Nicolas; Rose, Jeremy

doi:10.1111/jsap.12791

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Consequently, dogs with a range of immune mediated diseases, including immune mediated haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and polyarthritis, have been found to have altered vitamin D homeostasis (Mick et al 2019) and reduced concentrations of 25(OH)D. Additionally, low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were also predictive of a poorer clinical outcome in dogs with immune mediated diseases (Mick et al 2019). Dogs with acute polyradioloneuritis had lower circulating 25(OH)D concentrations than dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (Laws et al 2018). Interest in the relationship between autoimmune diseases and vitamin D has been fuelled by the growing evidence that vitamin D metabolites can influence the canine immune cell function and phenotype ex-vivo, typically switching innate immune cells from a pro-inflammatory to a more anti-inflammatory response (Jaffey et al 2018a,b).…”

Section: Immune-mediated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D metabolism and disorders in dogs and cats

Clarke

Hurst

Mellanby

2021

J of Small Animal Practice

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Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating calcium metabolism and in the development and maintenance of skeletal health of companion animals. There is also a growing interest in understanding the role vitamin D plays in non-skeletal health in both human and veterinary patients. This review provides an update of our current understanding of vitamin D biology in dogs and cats and gives an overview of how vitamin D metabolism can be assessed in companion animals. Congenital and acquired vitamin D disorders are then summarised before the review concludes with a summary of recent studies which have explored the role of vitamin D in the development and outcomes of non-skeletal diseases of dogs and cats.

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Section: Immune-mediated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D metabolism and disorders in dogs and cats

Clarke

Hurst

Mellanby

2021

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…The 25(OH)D is an intermediate metabolite of vitamin D. It is synthesized in the liver and converted to 1,25(OH) 2 D in the proximal renal tubules [65]. 1,25(OH) 2 D is the active metabolite that performs classical hormonal functions related to bone metabolism and calcium and phosphorus homeostasis in the body, in addition to non-classical functions such as immune-modulating activity [66,67,68], protection against autoimmune reactions [69,70], antitumoral activity [71,72,73,74] and anti-inflammatory activity [75,76]. Because of this peculiarity of cats in relation to vitamin D metabolism, if the analyzed vegan food included vitamin D 2 in their formula, this may likely result in long-term vitamin D deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional inadequacies in commercial vegan foods for dogs and cats

et al. 2020

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the macronutrients composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and essential minerals content of all vegan foods for dogs and cats available in the Brazilian market, and to compare results with FEDIAF (2019) and AAFCO (2019) recommendations. Four vegan pet foods were assessed (three for dogs and one for cats). The comparisons were made in a descriptive manner. All foods met the minimum recommendations for macronutrients. Arachidonic acid was not reported in any food label. Regarding the FEDIAF recommendations, one food for dogs had low calcium, another had low potassium and a third had low sodium. The cat food presented potassium content lower than recommended. The Ca:P ratio did not meet the minimum recommendation of FEDIAF (2019) and AAFCO (2019) in any of the dog's foods analyzed, and the cat food also did not present the minimum recommendation based on FEDIAF (2019). Copper concentrations exceeded the legal limit in all foods. Zinc concentrations exceeded this limit in two foods (one for dogs and one for cats) and iron levels exceeded the legal limit in one dog food. One of the dog foods did not meet the minimum recommendation for methionine and the cat food did not meet the minimum recommendation for arginine. In addition, when the amount of nutrients consumed by animals with low energy requirements was simulated, in addition to the same non-conformities described above, it was observed that the cat food does not meet the minimum recommended of protein and taurine in unit/Kg 0.67 . It was concluded that all foods analyzed had one or more nutrients below the recommended levels and some presented zinc and copper excess, therefore, these foods should not be recommended for dogs and cats, because dietary deficiencies found may lead to health risks for dogs and cats. Furthermore, manufacturers should review their formulations to ensure the nutritional adequacy of these foods.

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“…In small animals has been demonstrated an association between low vitamin D circulating concentrations and diseases not associated with bone metabolism, such as: cancer [161][162][163][164], congestive heart failure [165,166], gastrointestinal diseases [167][168][169][170][171], acute pancreatitis [172], acute polyradiculoneuritis [173], CKD [161,[174][175][176][177] and infectious diseases [178][179][180][181]. It has also been demonstrated in hospitalized cats that when 25(OH)D was represented as a categorical variable, cats with 25(OH)D circulating concentrations in the lower tertile had a higher risk of mortality compared to cats in the reference category and the middle tertile [182].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Its Nonclassical Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin D in Small Animal Bone Metabolism

et al. 2020

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Dogs and cats have differences in vitamin D metabolism compared to other mammalian species, as they are unable to perform vitamin D cutaneous synthesis through sun exposure. Therefore, they are dependent on the dietary intake of this nutrient. The classic functions of vitamin D are to stimulate intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption, renal calcium and phosphate reabsorption and regulate bone mineral metabolism. Thus, it is an important nutrient for calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. This review highlights the evidence of the direct and indirect actions of vitamin D on bone mineral metabolism, the consequences of nutritional imbalances of this nutrient in small animals, as well as differences in vitamin D metabolism between different size dogs.

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25‐Hydroxy vitamin D3 serum concentration in dogs with acute polyradiculoneuritis compared to matched controls

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Vitamin D metabolism and disorders in dogs and cats

Vitamin D metabolism and disorders in dogs and cats

Nutritional inadequacies in commercial vegan foods for dogs and cats

The Role of Vitamin D in Small Animal Bone Metabolism

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