254  W laser-diode dual-end-pumped Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser

Abstract

A compact laser-diode dual-end-pumped 3 at. % a-cut Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser with the output power of 254 W in 1.99 µm has been demonstrated. The slope efficiency with respect to the incident pumped power is 45.9%, and the optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 36.5%. The RMS stability of the maximum output power is better than 0.1% in 30 min. Beam quality factors M 2 are 250 in the x direction and 4.7 in the y direction. Additionally, the shape of the output laser spot is rectangular.

Hundred-watts-level Ho:YLF slab laser with good beam quality

“…The schematic of the Ho:YLF slab laser was shown in figure 1. The pump source in this experiment was a self-made Tm:YAP slab laser that was similar to the laser in [15]. The maximum output power of the Tm:YAP slab laser was about 263 W at room temperature.…”

315 W, 1.94 μm, Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser

“…The divergence angles of LD are less than 0.5 • in the fast axis (y-direction, after collimating) and 8 • in the slow axis (x-direction), respectively. The pump shaping system is same to that used in [11] and leads to a pump power loss of ∼5.5% (measured value). Through the pump shaping system, a homogeneous pump line of ∼12 mm × 0.3 mm is coupled to the Tm:YAP slab crystal.…”

“…The measured beam quality of M 2 factor was 3.8. This was the first time to report a 1.94 µm Tm:YAP laser that the output power was beyond 100 W. In 2020, our group [11] demonstrated a diode-end-pumped Tm:YAP InnoSlab laser. Thanks to the excellent thermal management of the InnoSlab design, it delivered 254 W of output power at 1.99 µm with the slope efficiency of 45.9%.…”

Efficacy of knee osteoarthritis by use of laser acupuncture: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…[66] Under the action of an electromagnetic wave in the field, positive and negative ions in the inner and outer fluids of the cells move in opposite directions, generating action potentials and electrical signals and stimulating the receptors at the acupoints. [67] Laser can affect the permeability of cell membranes and the activity of some enzymes and speed up the operation of nutrients by improving blood circulation, thus strengthening the body's metabolism and improving the body's functions. [57,58] Laser irradiation increases the collagen production of fibroblasts and accelerates the reproduction of angiogenic cells, it also can promote the ossification of the fracture site, and the local vascular network can become more abundant in bone columnar structure.…”