“…Colon Cancer- Associated Transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is one of the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs among TNBC patients [ 91 ]. Nonetheless, our research group has recently found its induced expression among TNBC patients and cell lines versus non-TNBC patients and hormonal receptor positive BC cell lines [ 160 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, we and others have recently reported the elevated expression of CCAT-1 in TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436 and MDA-MB-468) compared to hormonal receptor positive (MCF-7) cells and normal human epithelial cells (MCF-10) [ 93 , 179 , 180 ]. It is also worth noting that CCAT-1 expression level was directly correlated with lymphnode metastasis, proliferation index (Ki-67) and tumor size among TNBC patients [ 160 , 180 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is also worth noting that CCAT-1 functions as a scaffold for Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a suppressor of variegation 3–9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1), and epigenetically modifies the histone methylation of the tumor suppressor sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4 (SPRY4) promoter [ 182 ]. It is also worth mentioning that our research group has recently highlighted the sponging capabilities of CCAT-1 in sequestering the tumor suppressor miRNAs let-7a and miR-17-5p in TNBC cell lines as a possible proposed ceRNA mechanism by which CCAT-1 acts as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC [ 160 , 179 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our research group is currently focusing on the implications of CCAT-1 on the immunogenic and oncologic profiles of TNBC patients through a circuit of ncRNAs. We have proved that CCAT-1 acts as a potential regulator for PD-L1 through sponging miR-17-5p in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line [ 160 , 179 ]. Other reports showed that CCAT-1 can act as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC via stimulating MDA-MB-231 cellular proliferation, clonogenicity and migration capacity [ 191 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We have proved that CCAT-1 acts as a potential regulator for PD-L1 through sponging miR-17-5p in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line [ 160 , 179 ]. Other reports showed that CCAT-1 can act as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC via stimulating MDA-MB-231 cellular proliferation, clonogenicity and migration capacity [ 191 ].…”
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play a vital role in the process of malignant transformation. In breast cancer (BC), lncRNAs field is currently under intensive investigations. Yet, the role of lncRNAs as promising diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic target/tool among BC patients still needs a special focus from the biomedical scientists. In BC, triple negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) are the unlucky group as they are always represented with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rates. For that reason, a special focus on TNBC and associated lncRNAs was addressed in this review. Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is a newly discovered oncogenic lncRNA that has been emerged as a vital biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic interventions in multiple malignancies and showed differential expression among TNBC patients. In this review, the authors shed the light onto the general role of lncRNAs in BC and the specific functional activities, molecular mechanisms, competing endogenous ncRNA role of CCAT-1 in TNBC.
“…Colon Cancer- Associated Transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is one of the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs among TNBC patients [ 91 ]. Nonetheless, our research group has recently found its induced expression among TNBC patients and cell lines versus non-TNBC patients and hormonal receptor positive BC cell lines [ 160 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, we and others have recently reported the elevated expression of CCAT-1 in TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436 and MDA-MB-468) compared to hormonal receptor positive (MCF-7) cells and normal human epithelial cells (MCF-10) [ 93 , 179 , 180 ]. It is also worth noting that CCAT-1 expression level was directly correlated with lymphnode metastasis, proliferation index (Ki-67) and tumor size among TNBC patients [ 160 , 180 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is also worth noting that CCAT-1 functions as a scaffold for Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a suppressor of variegation 3–9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1), and epigenetically modifies the histone methylation of the tumor suppressor sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4 (SPRY4) promoter [ 182 ]. It is also worth mentioning that our research group has recently highlighted the sponging capabilities of CCAT-1 in sequestering the tumor suppressor miRNAs let-7a and miR-17-5p in TNBC cell lines as a possible proposed ceRNA mechanism by which CCAT-1 acts as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC [ 160 , 179 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our research group is currently focusing on the implications of CCAT-1 on the immunogenic and oncologic profiles of TNBC patients through a circuit of ncRNAs. We have proved that CCAT-1 acts as a potential regulator for PD-L1 through sponging miR-17-5p in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line [ 160 , 179 ]. Other reports showed that CCAT-1 can act as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC via stimulating MDA-MB-231 cellular proliferation, clonogenicity and migration capacity [ 191 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We have proved that CCAT-1 acts as a potential regulator for PD-L1 through sponging miR-17-5p in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line [ 160 , 179 ]. Other reports showed that CCAT-1 can act as an oncogenic lncRNA in TNBC via stimulating MDA-MB-231 cellular proliferation, clonogenicity and migration capacity [ 191 ].…”
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play a vital role in the process of malignant transformation. In breast cancer (BC), lncRNAs field is currently under intensive investigations. Yet, the role of lncRNAs as promising diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers and as therapeutic target/tool among BC patients still needs a special focus from the biomedical scientists. In BC, triple negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) are the unlucky group as they are always represented with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rates. For that reason, a special focus on TNBC and associated lncRNAs was addressed in this review. Colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (CCAT-1) is a newly discovered oncogenic lncRNA that has been emerged as a vital biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic interventions in multiple malignancies and showed differential expression among TNBC patients. In this review, the authors shed the light onto the general role of lncRNAs in BC and the specific functional activities, molecular mechanisms, competing endogenous ncRNA role of CCAT-1 in TNBC.
Pediatric brain tumors represent a formidable challenge in the field of oncology. Pediatric brain tumors are sub-classified into several molecular sub-types, where each one is characterized by an array of hyperactivated oncogenic molecular engines. However, there have been great efforts dedicated to portray the involved signaling pathways driving pediatric brain tumors. Yet, a full understanding of the intertwined oncogenic pathways involved is still obscure. In this review, the authors shed light on novel therapeutic targets tailored for several sub-types of pediatric brain tumors and point out the limitations of such therapeutic approaches. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) has recently been cast as an oncogenic driver in several solid malignancies, yet its role in brain tumors is still under investigation. The authors also highlight the possible involvement of H2S in pediatric brain tumors and propose promising brain-delivery strategies for the sake of achieving better therapeutic results for brain tumors patients.Abstract: Pediatric primary brain tumors represent a real challenge in the oncology arena. Besides the psychosocial burden, brain tumors are considered one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies due to their sophisticated cellular and molecular pathophysiology. Notwithstanding the advances in research and the substantial efforts to develop a suitable therapy, a full understanding of the molecular pathways involved in primary brain tumors is still demanded. On the other hand, the physiological nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limits the efficiency of many available treatments, including molecular therapeutic approaches. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), as a member of the gasotransmitters family, and its synthesizing machinery have represented promising molecular targets for plentiful cancer types. However, its role in primary brain tumors, generally, and pediatric types, particularly, is barely investigated. In this review, the authors shed the light on the novel role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a prominent player in pediatric brain tumor pathophysiology and its potential as a therapeutic avenue for brain tumors. In addition, the review also focuses on the challenges and opportunities of several molecular targeting approaches and proposes promising brain-delivery strategies for the sake of achieving better therapeutic results for brain tumor patients.
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