2D and 3D Electrospinning of Nanofibrous Structures by Far-Field Jet Writing

Abstract

Electrospinning offers remarkable versatility in producing superfine fibrous materials and is hence widely used in many applications such as tissue scaffolds, filters, electrolyte fuel cells, biosensors, battery electrodes, and separators. Nevertheless, it is a challenge to print pre-designed 2D/3D nanofibrous structures using electrospinning due to its inherent jet instability. Here, we report on a novel far-field jet writing technique for precisely controlling the polymer jet in nanofiber deposition, which was achieved through a combination of reducing the nozzle voltage, adjusting the electric field, and applying a set of passively focusing electrostatic lenses. By optimizing the applied voltage, the circular aperture of lenses, and the distance between the adjacent lenses, the best precision achieved using this technique was approximately 200 μm, similar to that of a conventional polymer-based 3D printer. This development makes it possible for printing 2D/3D nanofibrous structures by far-field jet writing for different applications with enhanced performance.

Keratin- and VEGF-Incorporated Honey-Based Sponge–Nanofiber Dressing: An Ideal Construct for Wound Healing

“…are some of the widely used forms of dressing materials. Sponges with appropriate gas exchange, acceptable mechanical properties, favorable interconnected pore size, and a noticeable capability of fluid absorption and holding are widely used as a suitable wound dressing. , Additionally, the nanofibrous electrospun membrane is also extensively utilized as a functional structure for wound treatment as it provides a high surface area, mimics the extracellular matrix (ECM), has outstanding mechanical properties, and has exceptional and adaptable chemical, physical, and biological properties. – The main drawback of single-layer wound dressings is that they cannot imitate the hierarchical structure of the skin and provide all clinical needs. , Sponge matrices are preferable to thin membranes for healing full-thickness wounds, but on the other hand, nanofibrous membranes have an ECM-like structure and are more suitable for cell adhesion and proliferation. Therefore, by creating a nanofibrous layer under the sponge matrix, the advantages of both structures can be achieved .…”