2D Nanocomposite Membranes: Water Purification and Fouling Mitigation

Abstract

In this study, the characteristics of different types of nanosheet membranes were reviewed in order to determine which possessed the optimum propensity for antifouling during water purification. Despite the tremendous amount of attention that nanosheets have received in recent years, their use to render membranes that are resistant to fouling has seldom been investigated. This work is the first to summarize the abilities of nanosheet membranes to alleviate the effect of organic and inorganic foulants during water treatment. In contrast to other publications, single nanosheets, or in combination with other nanomaterials, were considered to be nanostructures. Herein, a broad range of materials beyond graphene-based nanomaterials is discussed. The types of nanohybrid membranes considered in the present work include conventional mixed matrix membranes, stacked membranes, and thin-film nanocomposite membranes. These membranes combine the benefits of both inorganic and organic materials, and their respective drawbacks are addressed herein. The antifouling strategies of nanohybrid membranes were divided into passive and active categories. Nanosheets were employed in order to induce fouling resistance via increased hydrophilicity and photocatalysis. The antifouling properties that are displayed by two-dimensional (2D) nanocomposite membranes also are examined.

Integration of Porous Nanomaterial-Infused Membrane in UF/FO Membrane Hybrid for Simulated Osmosis Membrane Bioreactor (OsMBR) Process

“…In addition, the incorporation of nanoparticles also enhances the mechanical stability of the membrane, which reduces Rir. According to the literature [ 46 ], nanoparticles may improve the membrane’s mechanical properties by increasing its strength and stability, allowing it to withstand harsh conditions and prolong its lifespan. The increased mechanical stability also improves the membrane’s stability during cleaning procedures, reducing the risk of damage during cleaning [ 46 ].…”

Growing Biomorphic Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Their Alloys Toward High Permeable Membranes and Efficient Electrocatalysts Applications

“…This is attributed to their unique advantages, for example, large-scale accessibility and hydrophilicity, excellent mechanical strength, high chemical and thermal stabilities, and so on. [33,46] During the purification process, water molecules can pass through the interlayer nanochannels between adjacent GO nanosheets, while the unwanted ions or molecules larger than the interlayer spacing are rejected. However, pure GO membrane has narrow interlayer spacing (~0.86 nm) and limited water transport channels, generally leading to a poor water flux.…”

New Polymeric Composites Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

“…One of the major concerns regarding polymeric-based membranes is their poor mechanical stability and durability [ 39 , 40 ]. 2DnMat can increase the membrane’s mechanical properties without significantly contributing to their degradation, as they are generally inert, and provide extra resistance to chlorine [ 41 ]. Furthermore, the frequent use of silver nanoparticles due to their antibacterial properties contributes to the concerning growth of bacterial resistance [ 42 , 43 ].…”