2D‐Topology‐Seeded Graphitization for Highly Thermally Conductive Carbon Fibers

Ming, Xing; Wei, Anran; Liu, Yingjun; Peng, Li; Wang, Jiaqing; Liu, Sengping; Fang, Wenzhang; Wang, Ziqiu; Peng, H-X; Lin, Jiahao; Huang, Haoguang; Han, Zhanpo; Luo, Shiyu; Cao, Min; Wang, Bo; Liu, Zheng; Guo, Fenglin; Xu, Zhen; Xi, Jiabin

doi:10.1002/adma.202201867

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Similar to the continuous PBO fiber, carbon fiber could also behave with high axial thermal conductivity and long-range continuous conformation. [45,46] However, nowadays, only unidirectionally high thermal conductivity has already been realized in most polymer/carbon fiber composites. [47,48] These twisting and weaving methods are likely to inspire future studies to reach exceedingly higher thermal conductivities in the 3D space of the polymer/fiber materials, such as taking advantage of continuous carbon-based fiber (i.e., graphene fiber and carbon fiber) with much higher k, [45,[49][50][51] or employing inherently thermally conductive polymer (i.e., liquid crystalline polymer with well-designed phonon pathways).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[45,46] However, nowadays, only unidirectionally high thermal conductivity has already been realized in most polymer/carbon fiber composites. [47,48] These twisting and weaving methods are likely to inspire future studies to reach exceedingly higher thermal conductivities in the 3D space of the polymer/fiber materials, such as taking advantage of continuous carbon-based fiber (i.e., graphene fiber and carbon fiber) with much higher k, [45,[49][50][51] or employing inherently thermally conductive polymer (i.e., liquid crystalline polymer with well-designed phonon pathways). [52,53] The former requires us to overcome the great difficulty in twisting high-thermal-conductivity but brittle carbon-based fiber through some advanced and promising processing techniques, while the latter is already available thanks to some important efforts in polymer chemistry by Jang, Gu, Pipe, Chen, and their co-workers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropocollagen‐Inspired Hierarchical Spiral Structure of Organic Fibers in Epoxy Bulk for 3D High Thermal Conductivity

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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Their intrinsically high k is due to high electrical conductivity or harmonic crystal lattices. [10][11][12] Organic polymers are considered poor thermal conductors due to their randomly coiled covalent backbone and poor electrical conductivity, with low thermal conductivities on the order of 0.1 W m −1 K −1 . [13] However, early studies achieved orders of magnitude increases in k in oriented single chains, crystals, and anisotropic polymers, such as polyethylene (PE), poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO), polythiophene, and Kevlar. [14][15][16] This creates opportunities to synthesize inexpensive, lightweight and electrically insulating thermal conductors to replace traditional metals and ceramics in specific applications.Taking the simplest polymer, PE, as an example, the milestone work was carried out by Choy et al., [17,18] where PE crystallites with a folded carbon-carbon backbone were restructured via extrusion to perform a large anisotropy in k. Since then, a variety of high-k products have been reported, including fibers, films, and bulks. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] For instance, a high-k PE mat containing a large number of needle crystals was prepared that exhibited an axial k of 41.8 W m −1 K −1 , [26] about three times higher than steel; recently, this value has been further extended to 62 W m −1 K −1 in a PE thin-film through a typical disentanglement-extrusion-freezing process. [25] Shen et al. converted ultra-drawn PE objects into ideal single-crystalline nanofibers, achieving a record-high k of 104 W m −1 K −1 in the fiber direction. [19] Our lab previously took advantage of high-k PE microfibers to design an entirely organic and large-thickness bulk, exhibiting a k as high as 38.27 W m −1 K −1 in the through-plane direction. [27] Two conflicting explanations have been postulated for the efficient thermal transport in oriented polymers: one theorizes that content increment and/or dimension enlargement of the fibrillar crystal cause the remarkable thermal conduction; [23] the other attributes this to the evolving high k in the amorphous phase during the orientation process, for example, a classic 1D model calculated the k of amorphous domain in an ultra-drawn PE film to be as high as 16 W m −1 K −1 . [25] The high-k nature of polymers requires further experimental support and mechanistic explanations. Additionally, the highly thermal conductive characteristic for current polymer samples is still limited to only one specific direction, e.g., the axial direction for fibers and in-plane direction for films. 3D high thermal Polymers are usually considered thermal insulators; however, significant enhancements in thermal conductivity (k) have been observed in oriented fibers and films. Despite being advantageous in real-world applications, extending the linear thermal-transport advantage of polymers into the 3D space in bulk materials is still limited due to the spatially interfacial phononconduction barriers. Herein, inspired by the structure of tropocollagen, it is discovered that weaving hierarchi...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropocollagen‐Inspired Hierarchical Spiral Structure of Organic Fibers in Epoxy Bulk for 3D High Thermal Conductivity

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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“…Radiative thermal management has attracted great attention in various areas, including the radiative heating, personal or building radiative cooling, thermal energy harvesting, etc. [1][2][3][4][5] Infrared radiation can modulate the temperature of target objects through the spontaneous radiative heat transfer in a non-contacting way, exhibiting the advantages of energy saving…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bush‐Shaped Vertical Graphene/Nichrome Wire for Blackbody‐Like Radiative Heating

Wang

Cheng

Yang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Radiative thermal management has attracted increasing attention for the advantages of energy saving and carbon emission reduction. Infrared radiation coatings are widely adopted to alleviate the low infrared emissivity of commonly used metal alloy electrothermal materials. However, traditional infrared radiation coatings are faced with the issues of the unsteady waveband emissivity, low interfacial adhesion to substrates, and poor long-term thermal stability. Herein, a bush-shaped vertical graphene (BVG) grown on nichrome (Ni-Cr) wire is demonstrated, relying on which BVG/Ni-Cr wire presents a high blackbody-like emissivity of ≈0.96 across a wide wavelength range (2.5-18 µm). When used for radiative heating, BVG/Ni-Cr wire achieves a high thermal radiation efficiency with an order of magnitude improvement compared with bare Ni-Cr wire, as well as the superior deformation and thermal stabilities. These findings reveal the impressive potentials of BVG as an excellent infrared radiation material for the energy-efficient radiative thermal management.

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“…It should be mentioned that liquid crystal wet-spinning is an emerging and useful technology for fabricating fibrous materials from the liquid crystal spinning solution. 21 − 23 For example, graphene aerogel fiber was fabricated by liquid crystal wet spinning. 12 This NKLC aerogel fiber undoubtedly exhibits good thermal insulation (0.037 W·m –1 ·K –1 ) attributed to the aerogel structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the NKLC was conducted to liquid crystal wet-spinning, dynamic sol–gel transition, freeze-drying, and cold plasma treatment in sequence to obtain the aerogel fibers with ordered and controllable microstructure. It should be mentioned that liquid crystal wet-spinning is an emerging and useful technology for fabricating fibrous materials from the liquid crystal spinning solution. − For example, graphene aerogel fiber was fabricated by liquid crystal wet spinning . This NKLC aerogel fiber undoubtedly exhibits good thermal insulation (0.037 W·m –1 ·K –1 ) attributed to the aerogel structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Kevlar Liquid Crystal Aerogel Fibers

et al. 2022

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Aerogel fibers, the simultaneous embodiment of aerogel porous network and fiber slender geometry, have shown critical advantages over natural and synthetic fibers in thermal insulation. However, how to control the building block orientation degree of the resulting aerogel fibers during the dynamic sol–gel transition process to expand their functions for emerging applications is a great challenge. Herein, nanoscale Kevlar liquid crystal (NKLC) aerogel fibers with different building block orientation degrees have been fabricated from Kevlar nanofibers via liquid crystal spinning, dynamic sol–gel transition, freeze-drying, and cold plasma hydrophobilization in sequence. The resulting NKLC aerogel fibers demonstrate extremely high mechanical strength (41.0 MPa), excellent thermal insulation (0.037 W·m –1 ·K –1 ), and self-cleaning performance (with a water contact angle of 154°). The superhydrophobic NKLC aerogel fibers can cyclically transform between aerogel and gel states, while gel fibers involving different building block orientation degrees display distinguishable brightness under polarized light. Based on these performances, digital textiles woven or embroidered with high- and low-orientated NKLC aerogel fibers enable up to 6.0 Gb information encryption in one square meter and on-demand decryption. Therefore, it can be envisioned that the tuning of the building blocks’ orientation degree will be an appropriate strategy to endow performance to the liquid crystal aerogel fibers for potential applications beyond thermal insulation.

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2D‐Topology‐Seeded Graphitization for Highly Thermally Conductive Carbon Fibers

Cited by 65 publications

References 55 publications

Tropocollagen‐Inspired Hierarchical Spiral Structure of Organic Fibers in Epoxy Bulk for 3D High Thermal Conductivity

Tropocollagen‐Inspired Hierarchical Spiral Structure of Organic Fibers in Epoxy Bulk for 3D High Thermal Conductivity

Bush‐Shaped Vertical Graphene/Nichrome Wire for Blackbody‐Like Radiative Heating

Nanoscale Kevlar Liquid Crystal Aerogel Fibers

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