2μm single-frequency master-oscillator fiber power amplifier

Broad spectral pulse operation of 2 μm Tm:YAP laser based on reflection-type carbon nanotube absorber

“…The Tm:YAlO 3 (Tm:YAP) single crystal is attractive as active material for 2 µm lasers mainly due to its nat ural birefringence combined with good thermal and mechanical properties similar to those of the YAG crystal [13][14][15][16][17]. In addition, the emission cross section of thulium in the YAP crystal (5.5 × 10 -21 cm 2 ) is twice as high as that in the YAG crystal (2.2 × 10 -21 cm 2 ) [18].…”

Stable passively Q-switched operation of Tm3+ doped silica fiber laser by anti-resonant Fabry-Perot saturable absorber

“…Tm doped fiber lasers and amplifiers emitting at 2 μm wavelength range that are suitable for various operation modes such as continue wave, Q switching, mode locking and singly frequency have attracted considerable research interests recently [1][2][3][4][5]. Q switched Tm doped fiber lasers, as well as gain switched Tm doped fiber lasers [6], provide a prefera ble solution for many applications requiring pulsed mode laser at around 2 μm wavelength range, such as remote gas sensing, various medical applications as a potential complement or replacement to Ho:YAG lasers and ideal pump source for nonlinear frequency conversion to the mid infrared (3-5 μm) spectral region.…”

Comparative investigation of efficient diode-pumped c-cut Tm:YAP laser emitting at 1.94 and 1.99 μm

“…2 μm thulium and thulium pumped holmium laser sources are of interest for many applications in the scientific, defensive and medical fields [1][2][3]. Tm doped laser materials are suitable to be pumped by diode laser [4] and benefit from an efficiency enhancing cross relaxation process that could lead to two ions in the upper laser level for one pump photon [5][6][7].…”