High power diode-pumped continuous wave (CW) and Q-switch operation of Tm,Ho:YVO4 laser is reported. Using two Tm,Ho:YVO 4 rods in a single cavity, up to 20.2 W of CW output lasing at 2054.7 nm was obtained under cryogenic temperature of 77 K with an optical to optical conversion efficiency of 32.9%. For Q-switch operation, up to 19.4 W of output was obtained under 15 kHz pulse repetition frequency (PRF) with a minimum pulse width of 24.2 ns. In addition, different pulse repetition frequencies of Q-switch operation with 10.0 kHz, 12.5 kHz and 15.0 kHz were investigated comparatively. The beam radius for the Tm,Ho:YVO4 laser as a function of the distance from focusing lens at 15 W CW output power level

This work deals with the capture of phosphorus from aqueous solutions by biosorption onto zirconium loaded okara (ZLO). The batch-mode experiments were conducted to examine the effect of pH, biosorbent dose, initial phosphorus concentration, contact time, and temperature on the process. It was found that, the adsorption was most favored in the pH range of 2-6. The optimal doses for the adsorption, at initial phosphorus concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50mg/L were 2, 3, 7, 10g/L, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of ZLO was approximately 44.13mg PO4/g at 298K. The phosphate removal was rapid, reaching 95% in 30min. Freundlich model best fitted the equilibrium data, while Pseudo-second order model satisfactorily described the kinetic results. Thermodynamic analysis revealed feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic nature of the process. The research would be beneficial for developing a promising, eco-friendly phosphorus biosorbent from a plentiful AWB - okara.

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Abstract:We report the room temperature continuous wave Ho:YAP laser double-pass pumped by a diode-pumped Tm:YLF laser. Continuous wave output power of 10.2 W at 2118 nm was obtained under the incident pump power of 19.4 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 64.0% and a conversion efficiency of 52.6%. The laser operated at a single mode (TEM00) with a beam quality factor of M 2 ∼ 1.4.

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