30.2 A 161mW 56Gb/s ADC-Based Discrete Multitone Wireline Receiver Data-Path in 14nm FinFET

Kim, Gain; Kull, Lukas; Luu, Danny; Braendli, Matthias; Menolfi, Christian; Francese, Pier Andrea; Yueksel, Hazar; Aprile, Cosimo; Morf, Thomas; Kossel, Marcel; Cevrero, Alessandro; Özkaya, İlter; Burg, Andreas; Toifl, Thomas; Leblebici, Yusuf

doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662505

Cited by 13 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The channel response exhibits 10-20 significant ISI terms at sampling rates of 80-100 GS/s, which dictates the CP length. With N = 128, the resulting overhead is only 7%, which is less than that reported in [16]. Although the (I)DFT size in our model is larger than that in [16] because of the larger number of sub-channels, our analysis reveals that the relevant , with σ j = 0 UI rms , 0.006 UI rms , 0.012 UI rms , and 0.018 UI rms (corresponding to 0 fs rms , 75 fs rms , 150 fs rms and 225 fs rms , respectively) DFT can be performed in roughly 391,100 logic gates, which is practical for transceivers implemented in, for example, 7-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…By using modulation more complex than 16-QAM, one could potentially achieve a higher overall data rate than a 4-PAM system operating at the same sampling rate. A recent example of a DMT wireline system [16] reported a spectral efficiency of 2.5 b/sample whereas 4-PAM has a fixed spectral efficiency of 2 b/sample. Thus, [16] achieved the same data rate as 28 GS/s (56 Gb/s) 4-PAM transceivers while operating at a lower sampling rate of 22.4 GS/s.…”

Section: Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent example of a DMT wireline system [16] reported a spectral efficiency of 2.5 b/sample whereas 4-PAM has a fixed spectral efficiency of 2 b/sample. Thus, [16] achieved the same data rate as 28 GS/s (56 Gb/s) 4-PAM transceivers while operating at a lower sampling rate of 22.4 GS/s. Having data converters with a lower sampling rate may imply significant power savings in 200+ Gb/s links, even if slightly higher converter resolution and/or linearity is required.…”

Section: Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas [16] used 64-QAM on all sub-channels (except for the last sub-channel, which was either 64-QAM or 16-QAM, depending on the intended data rate), we applied bit-loading to our system to better match the channel SNR profile. Our simulations in the following section contain a test to verify the possibility of improving the spectral efficiency by bitloading.…”

Section: Bit-loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the DSP required for DMT has been implemented with low power consumption [15]. Therefore, there is a renewed interest in examining the potential of DMT for high-speed wireline communication, with a recent example [16] reporting a receiver energy efficiency of 2.9 pJ/b at 56 Gb/s. However, [16] used the same modulation on each sub-channel, whereas in this article we bit-load DMT sub-channels to allow varying modulation (e.g., quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) of different orders) according to the quality of each sub-channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of Discrete Multitone Modulation for Wireline Links Beyond 100 Gb/s

Vatankhahghadim

Wary

Bailey

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Circuits Syst.

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To overcome the severe losses beyond 28 GHz in low-cost electrical channels, 4-level pulseamplitude modulation (4-PAM) wireline links targeting 112 Gb/s incorporate resource-or power-intensive equalization schemes such as decision-feedback equalizers (DFE) with many taps. Alleviating the timing constraints that cause DFEs to balloon in size and power, discrete multitone (DMT) modulation involves independent sub-channels that can be equalized in the frequency domain without feedback. DMT allows flexibility in assigning bits to each sub-channel, thereby potentially avoiding lossy parts of the frequency spectrum. This article presents behavioural modeling results and an experimental setup used to study DMT transceivers. Our simulations show 200 Gb/s operation at a bit error rate (BER) of less than 10 −5 over an IEEE P802.3ck channel with 21 dB of loss at 50 GHz and assuming 150 fs rms of jitter, 1.26 mV rms of noise at the receiver's input, and 7-bit 80 GS/s data converters. An updated bit-loading algorithm led to BER values 1-2 orders of magnitude below our previous results. The estimated power and area of the associated digital signal processing are comparable to those of DFE. We also present an experimental DMT setup achieving 61.6 Gb/s at a BER of 8.6 × 10 −4 over a physical channel with severe notches that is very challenging for 4-PAM. INDEX TERMS Digital modulation, digital signal processing (DSP), discrete multitone (DMT), transceivers, wireline communication.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bit-loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Study of Discrete Multitone Modulation for Wireline Links Beyond 100 Gb/s

Vatankhahghadim

Wary

Bailey

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Circuits Syst.

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A 4.8pJ/b 56Gb/s ADC-Based PAM-4 Wireline Receiver Data-Path with Cyclic Prefix in 14nm FinFET

Kim

Kull

Luu

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-Sscc)

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Spectrally Efficient DMT Operation With BER-Informed Dynamic Bit and Power Loading

et al. 2022

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This paper elucidates the relative benefits of bit loading and power loading for discrete multitone (DMT) modulation over wireline links. There is considerable variability in the use of bit and power loading in recent research on DMT for wireline applications. Here, we first compare different combinations of bit and power loading schemes in simulations. We propose a method for dynamically adjusting DMT bit and power profiles based on the bit error distribution across sub-channels, as determined by the receiver. We then present experimental results showing DMT operation at 75 Gb/s with a spectral efficiency of 2.5 b/sample over a channel with a smooth magnitude response exhibiting 26 dB attenuation at half the sampling rate and a loss of 33 dB at 1/4 the data rate (i.e., the Nyquist rate of a 4-level pulseamplitude modulated link at the same data rate). The proposed dynamic bit and power allocation method reduces the bit error rate from 3 × 10 −3 to 2 × 10 −5 , measured with 23,265,420 bits.INDEX TERMS Bit error rate (BER)-aware, bit loading, discrete multitone (DMT), orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (OFDM), power loading, wireline communication.

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30.2 A 161mW 56Gb/s ADC-Based Discrete Multitone Wireline Receiver Data-Path in 14nm FinFET

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

A Study of Discrete Multitone Modulation for Wireline Links Beyond 100 Gb/s

A Study of Discrete Multitone Modulation for Wireline Links Beyond 100 Gb/s

A 4.8pJ/b 56Gb/s ADC-Based PAM-4 Wireline Receiver Data-Path with Cyclic Prefix in 14nm FinFET

Spectrally Efficient DMT Operation With BER-Informed Dynamic Bit and Power Loading

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