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Abstract

ResumenEste trabajo presenta una revisión taxonómica de 819 colecciones de herbario pertenecientes a Gasteromycetes de Costa Rica. El total de táxones identificados asciende a 103; dos son nuevos registros para América: Cyathus africanus y Morganella compacta; y 44 son nuevos para Costa Rica: Bovista aestivalis, B. cunninghamii, B. dermoxantha, B. dominicensis, B. longispora, Calostoma lutescens, C. ravenelii, Calvatia candida, C. excipuliformis, Chlamydopus meyenianus, Crucibulum laeve, Cyathus earlei, C. berkeleyanus, C. helenae, C. julietae, C. limbatus, C. montagnei, C. nova-zealandiae, C. pallidus, C. poeppigii, C. setosus, Geastrum badium, G. fimbriatum, G. fimbriatum var. pseudohieronimii var. nov., G. javanicum, G. lageniforme, G. minimum, G. rufescens, G. smardae, G. striatum, Langermannia bicolor, L. gigantea, Lycogalopsis solmsii, Lycoperdon echinatum, L. eximium, L. juruense, Phallogaster saccatus, Scleroderma bovista, S. cepa, S. verrucosum, Vascellum endotephrum, V. floridanum, V. pratense y V. texense. Los siguientes cinco géneros se citan por primera vez de Costa Rica: Chlamydopus, Langermannia, Lycogalopsis, Phallogaster y Vascellum. Se aportan comentarios sobre la taxonomía, ecología y corología de los táxones estudiados. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos se puede afirmar que la flora de Gasteromycetes de Costa Rica es una de las más ricas de América, tal vez debido a que ha sido muestreada con mayor intensidad y al amplio rango altitudinal: desde el nivel del mar hasta los 3820 m.Palabras clave: América Central, corología, ecología, Geastrum fimbriatum var. pseudohieronimii var. nov., hongos, taxonomía. AbstractThis paper presents a revision of 819 herbarium collections of Gasteromycetes from Costa Rica. One hundred and three taxa were identified, two of them are new records for America: Cyathus africanus and Morganella compacta; and 44 are new to Costa Rica: Bovista aestivalis, B. cunninghamii, B. dermoxantha, B. dominicensis, B. longispora, Calostoma lutescens, C. ravenelii, Calvatia candida, C. excipuliformis, Chlamydopus meyenianus, Crucibulum laeve, Cyathus earlei, C. berkeleyanus, C. helenae, C. julietae, C. limbatus, C. montagnei, C. nova-zealandiae, C. pallidus, C. poeppigii, C. setosus, Geastrum badium, G. fimbriatum, G. fimbriatum var. pseudohieronimii var. nov., G. javanicum, G. lageniforme, G. minimum, G. rufescens, G. smardae, G. striatum, Langermannia bicolor, L. gigantea, Lycogalopsis solmsii, Lycoperdon echinatum, L. eximium, L. juruense, Phallogaster saccatus, Scleroderma bovista, S. cepa, S. verrucosum, Vascellum endotephrum, V. floridanum,V. pratense and V. texense. Five genera are new to Costa Rica: Chlamydopus, Langermannia, Lycogalopsis, Phallogaster and Vascellum. Comments related with their taxonomy, ecology and distribution are also included. Based on the results, we conclude that the Gasteromycetes flora of Costa Rica is one of the richest in America, if we take into account the small area of the country. Richness may be due to more intensive sam...

Two new Morganella species from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest

“…3). In comparison with other Morganella species (Ponce de Leon 1971, Suárez & Wright 1996, Bates 2004, Calonge et al 2005, Trierveiler-Pereira et al 2010, this character set clearly shows that M. albostipitata is a good species.…”

Novelties of gasteroid fungi, earthstars and puffballs, from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest

“…It is similar to Geastrum lageniforme, G. fimbriatum, and G. triplex; from the first it differs by its rays with elongated endings, slender and longitudinal ridges (Calonge & al., 2005); from G. fimbriatum it differs by its non-delimited peristome and mycelial layer encrusted with sediments and organic material (Sunhede, 1989); and from G. triplex by its reddish coloration of the pseudoparenchymatous layer in the fresh specimens, and the formation of the collar (Ponce de Leon, 1968;Sunhede, 1989;Calonge & al., 2005). In the examined specimens the dextrinoid reaction was observed only in the hyphae of the fibrous layer corroborating previous results obtained by Soto & Wright (2000).…”

“…It is similar to G. fimbriatum because of its saccate basidiomata and fibrillose peristome, but they differ by the presence of encrustations on the mycelial layer, and a pseudoparenchymatous layer with whitish to beige coloration of fresh basidiomata in G. fimbriatum (Ponce de Leon, 1968;Sunhede, 1989). Geastrum javanicum is also related to G. schweinitzii by their lignicolous habit, but the latter has caespitose and smaller basidiomata up to 20 mm wide, and a persistent mycelial layer (Baseia & al., 2003;Calonge & al., 2005). (Fig.…”

Two new records of Cyathus species for South America

“…Know for Canada (Brodie 1975), Mexico (Gómez & Pérez-Silva 1988) and Costa Rica (Calonge et al 2005). Notes -It is characterized by a cortex with a single layer and 12-14 x 15-19 µm elliptical basidiospores (Brodie 1970).…”