3D Bicipital Groove Shape Analysis and Relationship to Tendopathy

Morphometric Analysis of Bicipital Groove of Upper End of Humerus in South Indian Population

“…. Previous studies of BG shape variation primarily involved taking 2-dimensional (2D) measurements from a single axial cross section of the humerus [17]. Wafae et al [18] reported the average length of the groove as 8.1 cm which corresponded to 25.2% of the length of the humerus.…”

Biomechanical Evaluation of Shear Force Vectors Leading to Injury of the Biceps Reflection Pulley

“…17,24,25,32 The shape of the bony bicipital groove has an additional effect on the long head of the biceps tendon's stability. 32,38 There is speculation that the angular orientation of the long head of the biceps tendon relative to the humeral head changes with joint positions and may place the biceps at risk for instability. 2 Repetitive wear and trauma to the restraining structures of the long head of the biceps tendon may result in medial or lateral subluxation or dislocation of the tendon, which in many cases is related to tears of the subscapularis or supraspinatus tendon (S. Braun et al, unpublished data, 2009).…”