3D lightweight mechanical metamaterial with nearly isotropic inelastic large deformation response

Chen, Xueyan; Moughames, Johnny; Martínez, Julio Andrés Iglesias; Tan, Huifeng; Ulliac, Gwenn; Laude, Vincent; Kadic, Muamer

doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2022.105057

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Invar) volume when exposed to a static magnetic field, could also be reversed in sign or enhanced in magnitude. Thermal-expansion metamaterials can be divided into bending-dominated [339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349] and stretching-dominated architectures [350][351][352][353][354][355][356]. Figure 19 shows 3D bending-dominated microstructured metamaterials that have been manufactured and successfully characterized.…”

Section: Negative Effective Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical metamaterials

2023

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Mechanical metamaterials, also known as architected materials, are rationally designed composites, aiming at elastic behaviors and effective mechanical properties beyond (“meta”) those of their individual ingredients – qualitatively and/or quantitatively. Due to advances in computational science and manufacturing, this field has progressed considerably throughout the last decade. Here, we review its mathematical basis in the spirit of a tutorial, and summarize the conceptual as well as experimental state-of-the-art. This summary comprises disordered, periodic, quasi-periodic, and graded anisotropic functional architectures, in one, two, and three dimensions, covering length scales ranging from below one micrometer to tens of meters. Examples include extreme ordinary linear elastic behavior from artificial crystals, e.g., auxetics and pentamodes, “negative” effective properties, behavior beyond classical linear elasticity, e.g., arising from local resonances, chirality, beyond-nearest-neighbor interactions, quasi-crystalline mechanical metamaterials, topological band gaps, cloaking based on coordinate transformations and on scattering cancellation, seismic protection, nonlinear and programmable metamaterials, as well as space-time-periodic architectures.

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Section: Negative Effective Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical metamaterials

2023

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“…In contrast to 2D planar methods such as electronbeam lithography or mask based lithography, DLW allows for fabricating three-dimensional structures [21]. DLW has played a crucial role for many proof-of-concept designs in optics [7], acoustics [22,23], elasticity [21,[24][25][26], robotics [27] and even electric transport [28]. Major challenges such as inclusion of conductive resins [29], quantum-dots doped resins [30], liquid-crystals doped resins [31] are still in the development phase.…”

Section: Basics Aspects and Challenges Of Additive Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive 3D photonic integration that is CMOS compatible

et al. 2023

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Today, continued miniaturization in electronic integrated circuits (ICs) appears to have reached its fundamental limit at ∼2 nm feature-sizes, from originally ∼1 cm. At the same time, energy consumption due by communication becomes the dominant limitation in high performance electronic ICs for computing, and modern computing concepts such a neural networks further amplify the challenge. Communication based on co-integrated photonic circuits is a promising strategy to address the second. As feature size has leveled out, adding a third dimension to the predominantly two dimensional integrated circuits appears the most promising future strategy for further IC architecture improvement. Crucial for efficient electronic-photonic co-integration is CMOS compatibility of the associated photonic integration fabrication process. Here, we review our latest results obtained in the FEMTO-ST RENATECH facilities on using additive photo-induced polymerization of a standard photo-resin for truly 3D photonic integration according to these principles. Based on one- and two-photon polymerization and combined with direct-laser writing, we 3D-printed air and polymercladded photonic waveguides. An important application of such circuits are the interconnects of optical neural networks, where 3D integration enables scalability in terms of network size versus its geometric dimensions. In particular via flashTPP, a fabrication process combining blanket one- and high-resolution two-photon polymerization, we demonstrated polymer-cladded step-index waveguides with up to 6 mmlength, low insertion (∼0.26 dB) and propagation (∼1.3 dB/mm) losses, realized broadband and low loss (∼0.06 dB splitting losses) adiabatic 1 to M couplers as well as tightly confining air-cladded waveguides for denser integration. By stably printing such integrated photonic circuits on standard semiconductor samples, we show the concept’s CMOS compatibility. With this, we lay out a promising, future avenue for scalable integration of hybrid photonic and electronic components.

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“…[18,19] One of the most promising fields of study relating to such easily applicable functional materials is that of mechanical metamaterials. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Mechanical metamaterials are rationally designed structures that can exhibit counterintuitive mechanical properties based primarily on their design rather than their chemical composition. The most studied cases and well-known examples of metamaterials with extraordinary mechanical properties pertain to those with negative properties such as a negative Poisson's ratio (auxetic compression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%