3D microoptical elements formed in a photostructurable germanium silicate by direct laser writing

Malinauskas, Mangirdas; Žukauskas, Andrius; Purlys, Vytautas; ̄tė, A. Gaidukevičiu; Balevičius, Zigmas; Piskarskas, A.; Fotakis, C.; Pissadakis, Stavros; Gray, David; Gadonas, R.; Vamvakaki, Maria; Farsari, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.07.001

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The experimental setup, specially adapted for fabrication on fiber, has been described previously [26]. A Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser beam (Femtolasers Fusion, 800 nm, 75MHz, <20fs) was focused into the photopolymer using a high numerical aperture microscope objective lens (40x, N.A.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Sokolovskiĭ¹,

Dudelev²,

Melissinaki

et al. 2015

SPIE Proceedings

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Many applications of high-power laser diodes demand tight focusing. This is often not possible due to the multimode nature of semiconductor laser radiation possessing beam propagation parameter M 2 values in double-digits. We propose a method of 'interference' superfocusing of high-M 2 diode laser beams with a technique developed for the generation of Bessel beams based on the employment of an axicon fabricated on the tip of a 100 μm diameter optical fiber with highprecision direct laser writing. Using axicons with apex angle 140 0 and rounded tip area as small as ~10 μm diameter, we demonstrate 2-4 μm diameter focused laser 'needle' beams with approximately 20 μm propagation length generated from multimode diode laser with beam propagation parameter M 2 =18 and emission wavelength of 960 nm. This is a few-fold reduction compared to the minimal focal spot size of ~11 μm that could be achieved if focused by an 'ideal' lens of unity numerical aperture. The same technique using a 160 0 axicon allowed us to demonstrate few-μm-wide laser 'needle' beams with nearly 100 μm propagation length with which to demonstrate optical trapping of 5-6 μm rat blood red cells in a water-heparin solution. Our results indicate the good potential of superfocused diode laser beams for applications relating to optical trapping and manipulation of microscopic objects including living biological objects with aspirations towards subsequent novel lab-on-chip configurations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Sokolovskiĭ¹,

Dudelev²,

Melissinaki

et al. 2015

SPIE Proceedings

Self Cite

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“…Additionally, their refractive index and mechanical properties can be tuned by changing proportion between organic and inorganic part [4]. This led to extensive research in this area and, to date, new hybrid materials containing Si [1], Zr [4] and Ge [10] were made for 3DLL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Jonušauskas

Gailevičius

Mikoliūnaitė

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract:We introduce optically clear and resilient free-form micro-optical components of pure (non-photosensitized) organic-inorganic SZ2080 material made by femtosecond 3D laser lithography (3DLL). This is advantageous for rapid printing of 3D micro-/nanooptics, including their integration directly onto optical fibers. A systematic study on the fabrication peculiarities and quality of resultant structures is performed. Comparison of microlenses' resiliency to CW and femtosecond pulsed exposure is determined. Experimental results prove that pure SZ2080 is ∼3 fold more resistant to high irradiance as compared with a standard photo-sensitized material and can sustain up to 1.91 GW/cm 2 intensity. 3DLL is a promising manufacturing approach for high-intensity micro-optics for emerging fields in astro-photonics and atto-second pulse generation. Additionally, pyrolysis is employed to shrink structures up to 40% by removing organic SZ2080 constituents. This opens a promising route towards downscaling photonic lattices and creation of mechanically robust glass-ceramic structures.

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“…29,46 Such organic-inorganic composites are advantageous due to the possibility of doping them with functional organic 47 or inorganic dopants 48 and their biocompatibility. 49,50 Hybrid materials can be rigid, 51 they offer lower non-local polymerization effects resulting in more defined structural features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale 3D manufacturing: varying focusing conditions for efficient direct laser writing of polymers

Jonušauskas

Malinauskas

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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In this paper, we report a novel approach for efficient fabrication of mesoscale polymer 3D microstructures. It is implemented by direct laser writing varying exposure beam focusing conditions. By carefully optimizing the fabrication parameters (laser intensity, scanning velocity/exposure time, changing objective lens) complex 3D geometries of the microstructures can be obtained rapidly. Additionally, we demonstrate this without the use of the photoinitiator as photosensitizer doped in the pre-polymer material (SZ2080). At femtosecond pulsed irradiation ∼TW/cm 2 intensities the localized free radical polymerization is achieved via avalanche induced bond braking. Such microstructures have unique biocompatibility and optical transparency as well as optical damage threshold value. By creating the bulk part of the structure using low-NA (0.45) objective and subsequently fabricating the fine features using oil immersion high-NA (1.4) objective the manufacturing time is reduced dramatically (30 x is demonstrated). Using this two objective method a prototype of functional microdevice was produced: 80 and 85 µm diameter microfluidic tubes with the fine filter consisting of 4 µm period grating structure that has 400 nm wide threads, which corresponds to a feature precision aspect ratio of ∼200. Therefore, such method has great potential as a polymer fabrication tool for mesoscale optical, photonic and biomedical applications as well as highly integrated 3D µ-systems. Furthermore, the proposed approach is not limited to lithography and can be implemented in a more general type of laser writing, such as inscription within transparent materials or substractive manufacturing by ablation.

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3D microoptical elements formed in a photostructurable germanium silicate by direct laser writing

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Mesoscale 3D manufacturing: varying focusing conditions for efficient direct laser writing of polymers

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3D microoptical elements formed in a photostructurable germanium silicate by direct laser writing

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M2laser diode beam

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M2laser diode beam

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>&micro;</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography

Mesoscale 3D manufacturing: varying focusing conditions for efficient direct laser writing of polymers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Optical trapping with superfocused high-M²laser diode beam

Optically Clear and Resilient Free-Form <em>µ</em>-Optics 3D-Printed via Ultrafast Laser Lithography