3d Modeling for Rock Art Documentation Using Lightweight Multispectral Camera

Abstract

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper discusses the use of the lightweight multispectral camera to acquire three-dimensional data for rock art documentation application. The camera consists of five discrete bands, used for taking the motifs of the rock art paintings on a big structure of a cave based on the close-range photogrammetry technique. The captured images then processed using commercial structure-from-motion photogrammetry software, which automatically extracts the tie point. The extracted tie points were then used as input to generate a dense point cloud based on the multi-view stereo (MVS) and produced the multispectral 3D model, and orthophotos in a different wavelength. For comparison, the paintings and the wall surface also observed by using terrestrial laser scanner which capable of recording thousands of points in a short period of time with high accuracy. The cloud-to-cloud comparison between multispectral and TLS 3D point cloud show a sub-cm discrepancy, considering the used of the natural features as control target during 3D construction. Nevertheless, the processing also provides photorealistic orthophoto, indicates the advantages of the multispectral camera in generating dense 3D point cloud as TLS, photorealistic 3D model as RGB optic camera, and also with the multiwavelength output.</p>

Image-based metric heritage modeling in the near-infrared spectrum

“…Recently, the use of commercial digital cameras employing CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS sensors, modified for near-infrared or full-spectrum acquisition (combined with external NIR filters) has been commonized in heritage science. They consist of lower cost, high-resolution alternatives with spectral imaging capabilities, which retain user-friendly features and interfaces to a broad variety of photographic accessories and software [18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…The availability of high-resolution, easily operated digital cameras for NIR acquisition, in combination with SfM/MVS image-based modeling techniques, has made feasible the 3D spectral modeling for heritage applications. Contemporary research, which showed promising results [22][23][24][25][26][27][28], led us to the motivation for further experimentation.…”

Multiband Photogrammetry and Hybrid Image Analysis for the Investigation of a Wall Painting by Paolo de San Leocadio and Francesco Pagano in the Cathedral of Valencia

“…Mathys et al reconstructed the object’s surface by using the VIS-R _VIS images and processed the MSI texture mapping by replacing the colour images with the single spectral band images to generate 16 different MSI texture models [ 34 ]. Zainuddin et al used a Micasense RedEdge multispectral camera with five different spectral images for the 3D spectral documentation of rock art [ 35 ]. Nocerino et al mapped colour images and UV-induced visible luminescence images via a photogrammetric workflow on the 3D surface captured with a structured light scanner [ 36 ].…”

Enhancing Image-Based Multiscale Heritage Recording with Near-Infrared Data

“…TP includes a wide range of techniques applicable to historic art examination [15]. Specifically, near-infrared (NIR) imaging has been implemented to enhance archaeological observation [16], to determine the state of conservation of buildings [17], to inspect mural paintings [18], to assist the identification of pigments [19], to investigate underdrawings of panel paintings [20], underprintings [21], and palimpsests [22], to examine rock art [23], and to study feature characteristics of painted artifacts [24]. Applications of integrated heritage CRP and TP can be found in recent bibliography, showcasing a promising combination that should be further evaluated.…”