3D Multiphysical Modelling of Fluid Dynamics and Mass Transfer in Laser Welding of Dissimilar Materials

Jiazhou, Wu; Zhang, Hua; Feng, Yan; Luo, Bingbing

doi:10.3390/met8060443

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the energy source of SLM is a high-energy laser, inducing a high-temperature molten pool. As a result, the vaporization of elements is difficult to avoid, which disturbs the stability of the molten pool and alters the composition of raw materials, consequently affecting the mechanical properties of the builds [9,10]. Hence, it is of great importance to explore the mechanism of vaporization during SLM of Ti-6Al-4V parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Element Vaporization of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy during Selective Laser Melting

Zhang

Chen

Yang

et al. 2020

Metals

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The present study aims to reveal the mechanism of element vaporization of Ti-6Al-4V alloy during selective laser melting (SLM). The equations of Redlich–Kister and the thermodynamics principles were employed to calculate the vaporization thermodynamics, which contributes to the obtaining the vaporization kinetic based on the Chapman-Enskog theory and the diffusion model. According to the achieved vaporization model, the elements with the most prominent tendency and flux to vaporize were distinguished. Moreover, the effect of the process parameters on the vaporization of Al and Ti is experimentally investigated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP) technology. The analyzed results of the chemical composition of the powders and builds show a great agreement with the kinetic results calculated by the vaporization model. Notably, the element vaporization can be curbed by regulating the laser energy input.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Element Vaporization of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy during Selective Laser Melting

Zhang

Chen

Yang

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…The numbers of elements and nodes in the model are 340,800 and 371,475, respectively. Slightly different from the heat source model commonly used at present [20][21][22], the heat source model composed of a surface heat source (Gaussian surface heat source model) and a volume heat source (Gaussian cone heat source model) [17] is used here to calculate the heat transfer during the LBW, as shown in Figure 1b. The Gaussian cone heat source model can well reflect the characteristic that the energy density during the LBW decreases with the increases of the depth; therefore, it can reflect the shape change of the keyhole better [23].…”

Section: ∂[λ(T)∂t/∂x]/∂x ∂[λ(T)∂t/∂y]/∂y ∂[λ(T)∂tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Preheating on Martensitic Transformation in the Laser Beam Welded AH36 Steel Joint: A Numerical Study

Wang

Huang

et al. 2022

Metals

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In this work, the effects of preheating temperatures on martensitic transformations in a laser beam-welded AH36 steel joint were observed using a numerical study. In the same weld, the martensitic contents increased slightly from the upper area, the middle area to the lower area, and simulated martensite contents in the fusion zone were slightly lower than that in the HAZ (Heat Affected Zone). Under different preheating temperatures, simulated martensitic contents decrease with the increase of the preheating temperature. According to the simulated results, the average cooling rate and the CCT (Continuous Cooling Transformation) diagram were drawn to analyze the relationships between preheating temperatures and martensitic transformations. Simulated martensitic contents agreed well with the experimental metallographic microstructures. Moreover, the measured microhardness was reduced with the increasing preheating temperature, and measured microhardness in HAZ was higher than that in the fusion zone. The accuracy of the simulation results was further confirmed. The main significance of this work is to provide a numerical model to design martensitic contents in order to control the performances of the weld, avoiding many tests.

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“…The present special issue on "Laser Welding" was a success with a total of 16 original research works published after peer-review. Different topics were discussed within this special issue: modelling and simulation of laser welding were presented in [1][2][3][4]; porosity control by means of high speed imaging and microscopy techniques was studied and discussed [5]; the effect of processing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser-welded joints was evaluated for different metallic systems such as AZ31 alloy [6], steels [7][8][9][10], Ti-based alloys [11][12][13], and Al-based alloys [14]; and finally, dissimilar laser welding of aluminum to steel was presented [15,16].…”

Section: Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%