3D Nanoporous Metal Phosphides toward High‐Efficiency Electrochemical Hydrogen Production

Abstract

Free-standing nanoporous metal phosphides are fabricated by a novel top-down method, by selectively leaching less-stable metal phases from rapidly solidified two-phase metal-phosphorus alloys. The phosphide phases with relatively high electrochemical stability are left as the skeletons of nanoporous structures. The resultant nanoporous phosphides with tunable pore size and porosity show superior catalytic activities toward electrochemical hydrogen production.

Multifunctional Transition Metal‐Based Phosphides in Energy‐Related Electrocatalysis

“…d) SEM image of nanoporous Co 2 P with a cooling rate of 3 krpm, scale bar: 500 nm. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2016, John Wiley and Sons.…”

“…As a typical selective dissolving process, dealloying is a robust way to generate a nanoporous structure with tunable pore sizes and porosities . In this regard, Chen's group fabricated the bicontinuous nanoporous cobalt phosphide (np‐Co 2 P) by single‐roller melt spinning and dealloying methods . Since the melt‐spun ribbon precursors contained two crystalline phases (Co and Co 2 P), during the dealloying process the cobalt phase was selectively leached with the formation of bicontinuous nanoporous structure.…”

Noble‐Metal‐Free Metallic Glass as a Highly Active and Stable Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting

“…On the other hand, economic transition metalbased metallic glasses, such as NiFeP, have also been widely studied but with focus on magnetic and mechanical properties. The combination of metastable characteristics, widely tunable compositions, and high corrosion resistance makes metallic glasses very promising catalytic materials.Inspired by the recent findings of catalytically active metal phosphides, [31][32][33][34][35] in this study we report a new water splitting catalyst, Ni 40 Fe 40 P 20 metallic glass, toward high efficiency HER and OER in acidic and basic electrolytes (Figure 1a). [29,30] A large number of noble-metal-free metallic glasses with a widely tunable chemical composition, which can satisfy various chemical demands, have been developed.…”

“…Inspired by the recent findings of catalytically active metal phosphides, [31][32][33][34][35] in this study we report a new water splitting catalyst, Ni 40 Fe 40 P 20 metallic glass, toward high efficiency HER and OER in acidic and basic electrolytes (Figure 1a). The novel glassy catalyst exhibits unusual bulk catalysis with low onset potentials, small Tafel slopes, and excellent stability, which are comparable to or even better than the state-of-theart Pt and IrO 2 catalysts that are currently used in commercial electrolyzers.…”

Acid promoted Ni/NiO monolithic electrode for overall water splitting in alkaline medium

“…Specifically, the obtained electrode demonstrates the overpotentials of 160 mV for HER and 290 mV for OER to produce current density of 10 mA cm −2 and exhibits high tolerance and durability under harsh basic conditions, which enables it comparable to the reported noble metal-free catalysts. Additionally, compared with other 3D electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance, such as WSe 2 [33], np-Co 2 P [34], CP/CTs/Co-S [35], this acid activation process of 3D NF electrode has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and mass-production. Compared with traditional powder catalysts, the 3D monolithic electrode with decent catalytic stability is actually preferable for practical use by tailoring the size of the electrode to adapt to different electrochemical devices.…”