3D network structure and sensing performance of woven fabric as promising flexible strain sensor

Abstract

A flexible strain sensor was developed through weaving conductive yarns to 3D woven fabric. The relationship between the sensing performance of the woven fabric and its 3D network structure containing yarn shrinkage and arrangement density, as well as fabric interweaving, was investigated according to Pierce's fabric geometry model and the assumption of elastic strain of yarn. Based on such models and assumption, the theoretical results were verified by the experimental data from uniaxial stretching, and the trends of both results were consistent. The sensitivity of woven fabric on its elastic strain is relatively small (GF < 2) and nonlinearity. With the deformation of fabric geometry structure (Stage I) caused by stretching on warp direction, the shrinkage of weft yarn (c w ) and interweaving points (n w ) decreased or the arrangement density of warp yarn (N j ) increased, resulting in improved sensitivity on warp direction. At yarn deformation stage (Stage II), the increase in interweaving points (n w ) or the decrease in arrangement density of warp yarn (N j ) could improve the sensitivity on warp direction. All the results provide a theory basis for the design and development of flexible strain sensor with promising application as wearable electronic device.

A review on graphene strain sensors based on fiber assemblies

“…No matter which of the above fabrication is used, first of all, the electrical conductivity of materials should be integrated with the fiber assemblies' structures (e.g. yarns [10], woven fabric [11], knitting fabric [12], nonwoven fabric [13].) These electrical conductive materials including organic polymers such as polyaniline (PANI) [14], polypyrrole (PPy) [15], poly3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT) [16], as well as some inorganic carbon-based materials such as carbon black (CB) [17], carbon nanotubes (CNT) [18], graphene (GR) [19].…”

The study of weave-pattern effect on filtration performance of woven filter cloths by computational fluid dynamic modeling

“…The first step is to create a fibers model according to Peirce's mathematical model shown in Figure 3.1 [37], offers a mathematical model for combining the factors of the geometrical structure of a plain weave fabric with circular threads. There are some mathematical equations between fabric structural parameters of Peirce's model as follows [37,38]: Where αw and αj are the spacing between the adjacent weft or warp, c j and c w are the warp and weft shrinkage of fabric, h j and h w are the crimp wave heights of warp or weft, l j and l w are the crimp wave lengths of warp or weft, L j and L w are the lengths of warp or weft, N j and N w are the numbers of warp or weft, θj and θw are the contact angles of warp cover on weft or weft cover on warp, A is the length of the fabric, and B is the width of the fabric. [38] If follow the Peirce model for designing, the curved sections of the fibers may exhibit significant skewness.…”

“…There are some mathematical equations between fabric structural parameters of Peirce's model as follows [37,38]: Where αw and αj are the spacing between the adjacent weft or warp, c j and c w are the warp and weft shrinkage of fabric, h j and h w are the crimp wave heights of warp or weft, l j and l w are the crimp wave lengths of warp or weft, L j and L w are the lengths of warp or weft, N j and N w are the numbers of warp or weft, θj and θw are the contact angles of warp cover on weft or weft cover on warp, A is the length of the fabric, and B is the width of the fabric. [38] If follow the Peirce model for designing, the curved sections of the fibers may exhibit significant skewness. Hence, the objective is to minimize the angle between the fibers, thereby reducing any overlap and achieving a well-aligned model.…”