3D porous biomass-derived carbon materials: biomass sources, controllable transformation and microwave absorption application

Abstract

Nowadays, to prevent acute electromagnetic pollution and develop efficient stealth materials, enormous efforts have been taken to pursuit high-performance microwave absorbing (MA) materials. Comparing to classical microwave absorbers, biomass-derived porous...

Marine polysaccharide-based electromagnetic absorbing/shielding materials: design principles, structure, and properties

“…In contrast to other ordinary biomass-derived carbon and alginate-based carbon, heteroatomic self-doping engineering of CS-based carbon materials also serves to modulate the porosity of hierarchical porous structures and manufacture defects. 193 The self-doped N atoms of CS-derived aerogels can attach more uniformly on the carbon skeletons, changing the local geometry in the proximity of the heteroatoms and redistributing the charge density and spin density of carbon atoms in the lattice, further effectively modulating the work function to increase the reactivity, which is different from alginate-based EMW absorbing materials. In the eld of EMW absorption, metal oxides or metal suldes co-doping systems with specic electronic properties and magnetic properties are usually prepared by introducing different metal ions into CS matrix, which can not only construct effective hierarchical porous structures but also optimize the EMW absorption performance by taking advantage of the interfacial effect and EM response between multiple components.…”

“…Also, biomass materials with the intrinsic porous structures and abundant defects formed by the post-activation treatment are considered as high-quality raw materials for the preparation of low-cost pollution-free renewable absorbers, which can not only support multi-interfacial heterostructures inside the absorbers but also can be combined with other materials to modulate the EM parameters. [7][8][9] Among these, marine polysaccharide-based biomass materials with low cost, high strength structure, adaptable surface activity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability have attracted the attention of researchers as widely available and renewable resources in the eld of EMW absorption and EMI shielding, such as alginate, chitosan, and other marine organisms. The unique structural advantages and physicochemical properties, including the crosslinking with various magnetic metal ions and the formation of hydrogen bridge bonds between the oxygen-containing groups contained in the terminating groups and MXene, enable the effective combination with other EM response components to form a multi-interfacial heterogeneous structure, which is the basic requirement for being an exceptional EMW absorber.…”

Wave-transparent LAS enabling superior bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorption of a 2D pitaya carbon slice

“…Carbon-based materials are considered a promising candidate because of their ultra-low density, high specic surface area, excellent environmental stability, and a wide variety of rich sources. [5][6][7][8] Thereinto, two-dimensional (2D) carbon-based materials have received extensive attention in EMW absorption due to their excellent properties such as adjustable layer spacing, large interfaces, and easy construction of diversity networks. [9][10][11][12] For example, Su et al 13 prepared sandwich-shaped NiCo 2 O 4 /graphite nanosheets and obtained a maximum reection loss of À47.01 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 2.98 GHz.…”

“…Carbon-based materials are considered a promising candidate because of their ultra-low density, high specific surface area, excellent environmental stability, and a wide variety of rich sources. 5–8…”

Advances in Carbon-Based Microwave Absorbing Materials

“…Biomass is considered as a kind of promising carbon source to construct carbon-based MAMs, not only for its abundant reserves and low cost, but more importantly for the fact that it ensures the formation of hierarchically porous microstructure in final carbon materials. In an effort to achieve better EM absorption performance, EM properties of biomass-derived carbon materials are generally regulated by introducing additional dielectric and magnetic components, through pre-impregnation or post-treatment methods [14]. To date, there is no obvious gap in EM absorption between biomass-derived carbon-based materials and other counterparts, which again validates the bright prospect of biomass in this field.…”