3D printed geopolymer: An efficient support for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase

Santos, Letícia Karen dos; Botti, Renata; Innocentini, M. D. M.; Marques, Rodrigo Fernando Costa; Colombo, Paolo; Paula, Ariela Veloso de

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128843

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For comparison purposes, a pure self-supported ZSM5 zeolite monolith foam previously prepared by hydrothermal synthesis with a polyurethane foam template revealed a compressive strength equal to 0.31 MPa [10], that was high enough to stand extensive SCR testing in lab scale reactor. These values are lower than that measured for pure GP monoliths without zeolite that weren't preliminarily treated with acid solution, which was as high as 5.23 ± 0.87 MPa [17]. As expected, the mechanical resistance decreased by increasing the zeolite fraction in the composites, due to the reduction in the amount of GP matrix as well as the disruption of its continuity.…”

Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…They are inherently macro/mesoporous materials with a high thermal stability and limited degradation of the structural network up to 800 • C [14]. GPs show good adsorption properties in many applications-typically water purification from organic molecules [15] or dissolved ions [16][17][18][19]-but they have been also investigated for SCR reactions both as NH 4 -and Cu-GP [20], and Fe-promoted in combination with activated carbon [21]. The possibility of varying their pore architecture in a wide range of values and the close similarity with zeolites concerning ion exchange, make GPs good candidates for the production of composite zeolite-GP materials [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Cepollaro¹,

Botti

Franchin

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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Geopolymer-based monoliths manufactured by direct ink writing, containing up to 60% by weight of presynthesized ZSM5 with low Si/Al ratio, were investigated as structured catalysts for the NH3-SCR of NOx. Copper was introduced as the active metal by ion exchange after a preliminary acid treatment of the monoliths. Monolithic catalysts were characterized by morphological (XRD and SEM), textural (BET and pore size distribution), mechanical (compressive strength), chemical (ICP–MS), redox (H2-TPR) and surface (NH3-TPD) analyses, showing the preservation of Cu-exchanged zeolite features in the composite monoliths. NH3-SCR tests, carried out on both monolithic and powdered samples in the temperature range 70–550 °C, confirmed that composite monoliths provide a very good activity and a high selectivity to N2 over the whole range of temperatures explored due to the hierarchical structure of the materials, in addition to a good mechanical resistance—mostly related to the geopolymer matrix.

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Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Cepollaro¹,

Botti

Franchin

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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“…The hydrolytic activity reached 847.7 ± 9.7 U/g and remained more significant than 91% after the first reuse. A free fatty acid content of 75% by weight was obtained from the hydrolysis of WCO, affirming the immobilization efficiency and the suitability of network-shaped geopolymers as support for biocatalysts [207].…”

Section: D Printingmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Therefore, this new immobilization strategy offers an encouraging possibility to extend the useful life of enzymes [206]. The study by [207] produced network-shaped geopolymers successfully prepared by direct ink writing (an additive manufacturing process) to act as carriers for the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL). The biocatalyst was evaluated in the hydrolysis of residual cooking oil (WCO), a preliminary step for producing biodiesel.…”

Section: D Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Supports and Protocols for Enzyme Immobilization

Cavalcante

Sousa

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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The market for industrial enzymes has witnessed constant growth, which is currently around 7% a year, projected to reach $10.5 billion in 2024. Lipases are hydrolase enzymes naturally responsible for triglyceride hydrolysis. They are the most expansively used industrial biocatalysts, with wide application in a broad range of industries. However, these biocatalytic processes are usually limited by the low stability of the enzyme, the half-life time, and the processes required to solve these problems are complex and lack application feasibility at the industrial scale. Emerging technologies create new materials for enzyme carriers and sophisticate the well-known immobilization principles to produce more robust, eco-friendlier, and cheaper biocatalysts. Therefore, this review discusses the trending studies and industrial applications of the materials and protocols for lipase immobilization, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it summarizes the current challenges and potential alternatives for lipases at the industrial level.

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“…Dong et al [ 57 ] printed silver nanoparticles directly onto a printed circuit board (PCB), which was later coated with a Nafion layer to assist the co-immobilization of lactate oxidase in a bovine serum albumin matrix for the construction of an electrochemical lactate biosensor. Dos Santos et al [ 58 ] printed an aqueous paste of geopolymer precursor into a stacked lattice reactor packing followed by heat treatment to complete the geopolymerization. The fully cured inorganic 3D lattice was then functionalized through a series of ion exchange, amination, and glutaraldehyde activation ( Figure 4 A).…”

Section: Post-printing Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in 3D Gel Printing for Enzyme Immobilization

Shen

Zhang

Fang

et al. 2022

Gels

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Incorporating enzymes with three-dimensional (3D) printing is an exciting new field of convergence research that holds infinite potential for creating highly customizable components with diverse and efficient biocatalytic properties. Enzymes, nature’s nanoscale protein-based catalysts, perform crucial functions in biological systems and play increasingly important roles in modern chemical processing methods, cascade reactions, and sensor technologies. Immobilizing enzymes on solid carriers facilitates their recovery and reuse, improves stability and longevity, broadens applicability, and reduces overall processing and chemical conversion costs. Three-dimensional printing offers extraordinary flexibility for creating high-resolution complex structures that enable completely new reactor designs with versatile sub-micron functional features in macroscale objects. Immobilizing enzymes on or in 3D printed structures makes it possible to precisely control their spatial location for the optimal catalytic reaction. Combining the rapid advances in these two technologies is leading to completely new levels of control and precision in fabricating immobilized enzyme catalysts. The goal of this review is to promote further research by providing a critical discussion of 3D printed enzyme immobilization methods encompassing both post-printing immobilization and immobilization by physical entrapment during 3D printing. Especially, 3D printed gel matrix techniques offer mild single-step entrapment mechanisms that produce ideal environments for enzymes with high retention of catalytic function and unparalleled fabrication control. Examples from the literature, comparisons of the benefits and challenges of different combinations of the two technologies, novel approaches employed to enhance printed hydrogel physical properties, and an outlook on future directions are included to provide inspiration and insights for pursuing work in this promising field.

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3D printed geopolymer: An efficient support for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Cu/ZSM5-Geopolymer 3D-Printed Monoliths for the NH3-SCR of NOx

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Supports and Protocols for Enzyme Immobilization

Advances in 3D Gel Printing for Enzyme Immobilization

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