3D printing biocompatible materials with Multi Jet Fusion for bioreactor applications 

Abstract

In the evolving three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, the involvement of different materials in any new 3D printing process necessitates a thorough evaluation of the product’s biocompatibility for biomedical application. Here, we examined the ability of Multi Jet Fusion (MJF)-printed PA-12 to support cell proliferation and osteogenesis. Our results show that leachate from MJF-printed PA-12 does not inhibit the growth of L929 fibroblast and MC3T3e1 osteoblast. The substrate supports the attachment and proliferation of both cell types, though not at a level comparable to conventional polystyrene culture plate. Neither plasma treatment, poly-D-lysine, nor collagen coatings narrowed the gap substantially, suggesting the possible influence of other limiting factors. The substrate can also support MC3T3e1 osteogenesis. However, MJF-printed PA-12 exhibits varying ability in supporting the proliferation of different cell types, especially in subsequent passages. While L929’s proliferation is comparable from passage-to-passage, MC3T3e1’s growth ability is noticeably compromised. Interestingly, our results show that L929 subcultured back to polystyrene plate retains the ability to grow as robustly as those on the conventional plate, suggesting that MJF-printed PA-12 does not permanently impair cell proliferation. In addition, we have shown the successful culture of bacterial Escherichia coli on MJF-printed PA-12. Together, our study demonstrated the potential of MJF-printed PA-12 for biological applications.

Injection Moulding into 3D-Printed Plastic Inserts Produced Using the Multi Jet Fusion Method

“…While PP had only 25%, HP PA 12 GB had 40%. This percentage difference can be seen in Figure 10 [ 18 ].…”

Emerging perspectives on 3D printed bioreactors for clinical translation of engineered and bioprinted tissue constructs

“…SLS-Based 3D printers produce high-resolution 3D structures of complex designs/patterns without using any support material. 129 In general, the 3D printing process involves four steps: (1) initial designing, (2) pre-processing, (3) printing, and (4) post-printing/cleaning (Table 4). For designing a custom designed bioreactor, different bioreactor parts such as the motor chamber, actuator, screws, O rings, shaft coupling, controller, adaptor, power unit, socket, inlet, outlet, etc.…”

“…are required to be fabricated. 129 Later the 3D printed components undergo chemical treatment using acetone vapour or resin coatings such as Sylgard-184 and XTC-3D (oxirane) to ensure smooth and leakage-free printed components that are suitable for infusing cell culture media with proper sealing.…”

Nylons with Applications in Energy Generators, 3D Printing and Biomedicine

“…Regarding MJF printed materials, several works have been published, aiming the characterization and comprehensive understand of the mechanisms and characteristics of the process and the produced parts. In this field, nylon 12 and nylon 11 are the most widely used polymers, because of the working broad temperature range between their onset melting and crystallization temperatures (see Figure 7, right) [60][61][62]. 40% glass bead filled nylon 12 material has been printed for applications requiring high stiffness like enclosures, housings and tooling.…”