3D printing by fused deposition modeling of single- and multi-compartment hollow systems for oral delivery – A review

Melocchi, Alice; Uboldi, Marco; Maroni, Alessandra; Foppoli, Anastasia; Palugan, Luca; Zema, L.; Gazzaniga, A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119155

Cited by 89 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…This information can be used to design dosage forms without changing the filament composition to release the drug as per the patient’s requirements, thereby finding application in the field of personalized medicine. Technologies such as shell-core for the enteric coating of acid-labile drugs [ 19 ], hollow systems or multi-compartment systems [ 30 ], designs with abuse-deterrent properties [ 52 ] and platforms testing different polymers such as thermoplastic polyurethanes with high drug loads of theophylline and metformin [ 53 ], polyvinyl alcohol polymers (PVA) [ 29 ], polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) [ 40 , 54 ], methacrylate polymers [ 25 ], polyethylene oxide polymers, and HPMC based polymers [ 12 , 22 ] have been extensively studied for their suitability to 3-D printing platforms. In the study by Goyanes, A. and colleagues (2015) , the main focus was to investigate the feasibility of using FDM processing in the development of modified-release formulations of two aminosalicylate isomers used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) i.e., 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, mesalazine) and 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These filaments with homogenous drug-polymer blends can be optimized employing HME processing where drug disperses into thermoplastic polymeric matrices. In recent years, FDM has been used to produce immediate release [ 24 ], sustained-release [ 25 ], gastro retentive [ 26 , 27 ], and controlled release [ 28 ] drug delivery systems, in the form of tablets [ 29 ], as well as caplets [ 25 ] with one or more than one active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel On-Demand 3-Dimensional (3-D) Printed Tablets Using Fill Density as an Effective Release-Controlling Tool

et al. 2020

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This research demonstrates the use of fill density as an effective tool for controlling the drug release without changing the formulation composition. The merger of hot-melt extrusion (HME) with fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3-dimensional (3-D) printing processes over the last decade has directed pharmaceutical research towards the possibility of printing personalized medication. One key aspect of printing patient-specific dosage forms is controlling the release dynamics based on the patient’s needs. The purpose of this research was to understand the impact of fill density and interrelate it with the release of a poorly water-soluble, weakly acidic, active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) from a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) matrix, both mathematically and experimentally. Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) of ibuprofen with three grades of AquaSolveTM HPMC-AS (HG, MG, and LG) were developed using an HME process and evaluated using solid-state characterization techniques. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), and polarized light microscopy (PLM) confirmed the amorphous state of the drug in both polymeric filaments and 3D printed tablets. The suitability of the manufactured filaments for FDM processes was investigated using texture analysis (TA) which showed robust mechanical properties of the developed filament compositions. Using FDM, tablets with different fill densities (20–80%) and identical dimensions were printed for each polymer. In vitro pH shift dissolution studies revealed that the fill density has a significant impact (F(11, 24) = 15,271.147, p < 0.0001) and a strong negative correlation (r > −0.99; p < 0.0001) with the release performance, where 20% infill demonstrated the fastest and most complete release, whereas 80% infill depicted a more controlled release. The results obtained from this research can be used to develop a robust formulation strategy to control the drug release from 3D printed dosage forms as a function of fill density.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel On-Demand 3-Dimensional (3-D) Printed Tablets Using Fill Density as an Effective Release-Controlling Tool

et al. 2020

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“…3D printing is an effective technology for creating complex 3D structures across multiple length scales. [265,[266][267][268][269][270][271] The common materials that can be 3D-printed include metals/ alloys, [272][273][274][275] (e.g., aluminum (Al) alloys, stainless, titanium, and its alloys), polymers and composites, [276][277][278][279] (e.g., polycarbonate (PC) and polylactic acid (PLA)), ceramics and biomaterials, (e.g., cellulose, silk, chitosan) etc. [61,174,249,[280][281][282][283] However, the fatigue strength of 3D printed objects is usually unsatisfactory due to the porosity and surface roughness of the printed structures, which necessitates the complex and expensive postmanufacturing treatments, e.g., hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and heat treatments, for improving the mechanical strength of 3D printed objects.…”

Section: D Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[340] Also, it is challenging to manufacture complex components using the demonstrated FDM process. [269,341,342] (3) At the level of the device structure, future wearable and implantable applications demand that the TENGs devices to be imperceptible in a way that they will not impose undesired mechanical burdens/loadings to the host substrates (e.g., skin, organs, etc.). Innovations in the structure design, which leverages the advances in both the materials and manufacturing processes are needed to holistically address this challenge and meet the demands for miniaturization, high sensitivity, portability and the integration of on-chip data processors and transmitters of the wearable devices.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐Derived Natural Materials Based Triboelectric Devices for Self‐Powered Ubiquitous Wearable and Implantable Intelligent Devices

Yang

Fan

2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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The capability of devices in future ubiquitous networked wearable and implantable electronics to efficiently scavenge and store operational power from their working environment through sustainable pathways would enable viable self‐powering schemes in societally‐pervasive applications such as advanced healthcare and robotics. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can efficiently harvest the ubiquitous mechanical energy for powering electronics and sensors. However, the majority of demonstrated TENG prototypes have been built with materials that are not biodegradable or biocompatible, which significantly hinders the application of TENGs for wearable and implantable technologies. In this review, the recent progress of the wearable and implantable triboelectric devices built with bio‐derived natural materials is summarized. The properties of these natural biopolymers are discussed in the context of self‐powered triboelectric applications. The common manufacturing methods for processing these materials into triboelectric devices are also discussed. In addition, the applications of the bio‐derived natural materials based TENGs for in vitro and in vivo applications are discussed. Finally, the outstanding challenges and potential opportunities for the development of bio‐derived natural materials based triboelectric devices targeting wearable and implantable human‐integrated applications are analyzed.

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“…In the case of barriers based on HPMC, different chain lengths and several coating techniques were studied [4,31]. More recently, time-dependent reservoir systems in the form of capsules were proposed [32][33][34]. Particularly, HPC was the first thermoplastic cellulosic derivative employed for the fabrication of capsule caps and bodies via injection molding (IM) to convey drug-containing preparations [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection Molded Capsules for Colon Delivery Combining Time-Controlled and Enzyme-Triggered Approaches

Casati

Melocchi

Moutaharrik

et al. 2020

IJMS

Self Cite

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A new type of colon targeting system is presented, combining time-controlled and enzyme-triggered approaches. Empty capsule shells were prepared by injection molding of blends of a high-amylose starch and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) of different chain lengths. The dissolution/erosion of the HPMC network assures a time-controlled drug release, i.e., drug release starts upon sufficient shell swelling/dissolution/erosion. In addition, the presence of high-amylose starch ensures enzyme-triggered drug release. Once the colon is reached, the local highly concentrated bacterial enzymes effectively degrade this polysaccharide, resulting in accelerated drug release. Importantly, the concentration of bacterial enzymes is much lower in the upper gastrointestinal tract, thus enabling site-specific drug delivery. The proposed capsules were filled with acetaminophen and exposed to several aqueous media, simulating the contents of the gastrointestinal tract using different experimental setups. Importantly, drug release was pulsatile and occurred much faster in the presence of fecal samples from patients. The respective lag times were reduced and the release rates increased once the drug started to be released. It can be expected that variations in the device design (e.g., polymer blend ratio, capsule shell geometry and thickness) allow for a large variety of possible colon targeting release profiles.

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3D printing by fused deposition modeling of single- and multi-compartment hollow systems for oral delivery – A review

Cited by 89 publications

References 112 publications

Novel On-Demand 3-Dimensional (3-D) Printed Tablets Using Fill Density as an Effective Release-Controlling Tool

Novel On-Demand 3-Dimensional (3-D) Printed Tablets Using Fill Density as an Effective Release-Controlling Tool

Bio‐Derived Natural Materials Based Triboelectric Devices for Self‐Powered Ubiquitous Wearable and Implantable Intelligent Devices

Injection Molded Capsules for Colon Delivery Combining Time-Controlled and Enzyme-Triggered Approaches

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