3p fine structure of ferromagnetic Fe and Co from photoemission with linearly polarized light

Spin polarization and magnetic dichroism in core-level photoemission from ferromagnets

“…The first quantitative explanation of core-level MLDAD was made by Rossi et al [41], who treated core spectra of a single free atom. They simulated ferromagnetic alignment by fixing the orientation of the atomic magnetic moment and found good agreement with the experimental data of Roth et al [22].…”

Surface and bulk contributions in magnetic linear dichroism in the angular dependence from ferromagnetic transition metals

“…9 The MLDAD energy splitting in TM has been explained by means of an anomalous Zeeman-like effect due to the effective exchange field of the split d band, acting on the core hole in the photoemission process. The single-electron analysis of the core-hole multiplet was proposed at a very basic level by Rossi et al 18,19 Several calculations based on various electronic structure approaches produced similar results, albeit based on more appropriate physics ground. It was also proposed that the splitting energy must bear a proportionality to the exchange field value, i.e., to the spin magnetic moment of the photoemitting atom.…”

Distinguishing magnetic-moment and magnetic-ordering behavior in transition metal alloys

“…It is known that the minimum and maximum intensities in SðEÞ give directly the position of the m j ¼ AE 3 2 sublevels [4], which are also eigenvalues of the m s operator with opposing spin [5]. The energy separation between these levels, referred to as the spectrum 'width', W MLDAD (eV), increases in proportion to H s =z [3], with H s the local spin field and z the spin-orbit parameter.…”

“…The technique of magnetic linear dichroism with angle dependence (MLDAD) [1][2][3][4][5][6] utilizes angle-resolved photoemission with linearly polarized light, often from a synchrotron light source, to probe spectral dichroism in the core levels of a magnetic system. In measurements employing the 3p spectrum, degeneracy in the core level is lifted by a combination of spin-orbit coupling and exchange field.…”