3T MRI investigation of cardiac left ventricular structure and function in a UK population: The tayside screening for the prevention of cardiac events (TASCFORCE) study

Abstract

PurposeTo scan a volunteer population using 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI of the left ventricular (LV) structure and function in healthy volunteers has been reported extensively at 1.5T.Materials and MethodsA population of 1528 volunteers was scanned. A standardized approach was taken to acquire steady‐state free precession (SSFP) LV data in the short‐axis plane, and images were quantified using commercial software. Six observers undertook the segmentation analysis.ResultsMean values (±standard deviation, SD) were: ejection fraction (EF) = 69 ± 6%, end diastolic volume index (EDVI) = 71 ± 13 ml/m2, end systolic volume index (ESVI) = 22 ± 7 ml/m2, stroke volume index (SVI) = 49 ± 8 ml/m2, and LV mass index (LVMI) = 55 ± 12 g/m2. The mean EF was slightly larger for females (69%) than for males (68%), but all other variables were smaller for females (EDVI 68v77 ml/m2, ESVI 21v25 ml/m2, SVI 46v52 ml/m2, LVMI 49v64 g/m2, all P < 0.05). The mean LV volume data mostly decreased with each age decade (EDVI males: –2.9 ± 1.3 ml/m2, females: –3.1 ± 0.8 ml/m2; ESVI males: –1.3 ± 0.7 ml/m2, females: –1.7 ± 0.5 ml/m2; SVI males: –1.7 ± 0.9 ml/m2, females: –1.4 ± 0.6 ml/m2; LVMI males: –1.6 ± 1.1 g/m2, females: –0.2 ± 0.6 g/m2) but the mean EF was virtually stable in males (0.6 ± 0.6%) and rose slightly in females (1.2 ± 0.5%) with age.ConclusionLV reference ranges are provided in this population‐based MR study at 3.0T. The variables are similar to those described at 1.5T, including variations with age and gender. These data may help to support future population‐based MR research studies that involve the use of 3.0T MRI scanners. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1186–1196.

Reference ranges (“normal values”) for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in adults and children: 2020 update

“… n number of study subjects included in the weighted mean values, mean p pooled weighted mean, SD p pooled standard deviation, LV left ventricular, EDV end-diastolic volume, ESV end-systolic volume, SV stroke volume, EF ejection fraction, LV M left ventricular mass, CO cardiac output, CI cardiac index, BSA body surface area a Pooled weighted values from references [ 15 , 16 , 19 , 23 , 25 ] b Pooled weighted values from references [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 23 , 25 ] c Pooled weighted values from references [ 16 , 18 , 19 , 23 , 25 ] d Pooled weighted values from references [ 15 , 23 , 25 ] e Pooled weighted values from references [ 23 , 25 ] f Pooled weighted values from references [ 16 , 25 ] g Calculated as mean p ± 2*SD p …”

“…In addition, a full description of the subject cohort (including the analysis methods used), age and gender of subjects was required to be included for this review. Two studies [ 18 , 19 ] included papillary muscles in LV volume except if directly attached to the LV wall, in which case they were included in LV mass (LVM) instead. Since this approach was inconsistent with post-processing recommended by SCMR [ 9 ] and other manuscripts on the topic, both studies were excluded from the current analysis.…”

Development and Validation of a Path Length Calculation for Carotid–Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Measurement

“…The rationale, study design, techniques, and population demographics of each of these have been described in detail previously. 8 – 10 These prior studies and the current study have been approved by an institutional review committee, with all subjects providing written informed consent. The study was performed in adherence with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.…”

Systemic arteriosclerosis is associated with left ventricular remodeling but not atherosclerosis: a TASCFORCE study

“…Previous work in 306 seventy-year-olds in the PIVUS (Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors) study found a correlation between the total atherosclerotic burden as measured on whole body angiography and the carotid arterial distensibility and the stroke-volume to pulse pressure ratio [ 22 ]. However this study suffered from several limitations: it did not stratify by sex, a known confounder for stroke volume and pulse pressure; and did not index the stroke volume thus opening the study to significant confounding from body size [ 18 ]. Indeed previous work has shown compliance calculated using indexed SV but not unadjusted SV to be an independent predictor for cardiovascular events demonstrating the importance of these adjustments [ 23 ].…”

“…The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) [ 17 ] was treated as a continuous variable within the model. Due to the known significant differences in cardiac mass and volumes between genders, analysis was conducted separately for men and women [ 18 ]. As the hypertension guidelines have changed substantially since the study was conceived when a blood pressure of < 145/95 was considered normotensive, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine if the results hold true in a cohort who would continue to be considered normotensive according to the 2017 AHA/ACC guidelines (BP < 120/80) [ 19 ].…”