4-D evolution of SE Asia’s mantle from geological reconstructions and seismic tomography

Replumaz, Anne; Kárason, H.; Hilst, R. D. van der; Besse, J.; Tapponnier, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(04)00070-6

Cited by 264 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In Fig. 9a, this structure extends just near the 660 km discontinuity to deep in the lower mantle with a southdipping angle, where it forms part of the large scale structure that has been interpreted as a remnant slab of late Mesozoic Tethys oceanic lithosphere prior to the India-Eurasia collision Van der Voo et al, 1999;Replumaz et al, 2004). The spatial resolution of the current data coverage does not yet allow us to establish the structural relationship between the northward dipping structure 1 and the southward dipping structure 2.…”

Section: Upper Mantle Structure Beneath India and Central Tibetmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The southward dipping high-velocity structure 2 in the lower mantle ( Fig. 9a and b), interpreted as NeoTethys oceanic lithosphere Van der Voo et al, 1999;Replumaz et al, 2004), seems to be separated from the subducted Indian lithosphere as it sinks below 660 km discontinuity, but this relationship will be subjected to further study.…”

Section: The Seismic Evidence For Subduction Of Indian Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

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Constraining P-wave velocity variations in the upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia

Hilst

Toksöz

2006

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

178

135

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We have produced a P-wave model of the upper mantle beneath Southeast (SE) Asia from reprocessed short period International Seismological Centre (ISC) P and pP data, short period P data of the Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (ABCE), and long period PP-P data. We used 3D sensitivity kernels to combine the datasets, and mantle structure was parameterized with an irregular grid. In the best-sampled region our data resolve structure on scale lengths less than 150 km. The smearing of crustal anomalies to larger depths is reduced by a crustal correction using an a priori 3D model. Our tomographic inversions reveal high-velocity roots beneath the Archean Ordos Plateau, the Sichuan Basin, and other continental blocks in SE Asia. Beneath the Himalayan Block we detect high seismic velocities, which we associate with subduction of Indian lithospheric mantle. This structure is visible above the 410 km discontinuity and may not connect to the remnant of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab in the lower mantle. Our images suggest that only the southwestern part of the Tibetan plateau is underlain by Indian lithosphere and, thus, that the upper mantle beneath northeastern Tibet is primarily of Asian origin. Our imaging also reveals a large-scale high-velocity structure in the transition zone beneath the Yangtze Craton, which could have been produced in multiple subduction episodes. The low P-wave velocities beneath the Hainan Island are most prominent in the upper mantle and transition zone; they may represent counter flow from the surrounding subduction zones, and may not be unrelated to processes beneath eastern Tibet.

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Section: Upper Mantle Structure Beneath India and Central Tibetmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: The Seismic Evidence For Subduction Of Indian Lithospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining P-wave velocity variations in the upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia

Hilst

Toksöz

2006

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

178

135

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“…Trench advance has been observed also in the Melanesian arc system where the Ontong Java Plateau (Hall, 2002), the largest igneous province on Earth, collided with the arc between 25 Ma (Knesel et al, 2008) and 10 Ma (Mann and Taira, 2004). The overturned morphology of the subducted lithosphere inferred from tomographic images in continental collision zones like the India-Eurasia (Replumaz et al, 2004;Replumaz et al, 2010) and the Arabia-Eurasia (Faccenna et al, 2006;Hafkenscheid et al, 2006) systems suggests the occurrence of an advancing migration of the plate margin. For the advancing case, the driving forces are debated.…”

Section: Magni Et Al: Numerical Models Of Slab Migrationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical models of slab migration in continental collision zones

et al. 2012

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Abstract.Continental collision is an intrinsic feature of plate tectonics. The closure of an oceanic basin leads to the onset of subduction of buoyant continental material, which slows down and eventually stops the subduction process. In natural cases, evidence of advancing margins has been recognized in continental collision zones such as India-Eurasia and Arabia-Eurasia. We perform a parametric study of the geometrical and rheological influence on subduction dynamics during the subduction of continental lithosphere. In our 2-D numerical models of a free subduction system with temperature and stress-dependent rheology, the trench and the overriding plate move self-consistently as a function of the dynamics of the system (i.e. no external forces are imposed). This setup enables to study how continental subduction influences the trench migration. We found that in all models the slab starts to advance once the continent enters the subduction zone and continues to migrate until few million years after the ultimate slab detachment. Our results support the idea that the advancing mode is favoured and, in part, provided by the intrinsic force balance of continental collision. We suggest that the advance is first induced by the locking of the subduction zone and the subsequent steepening of the slab, and next by the sinking of the deepest oceanic part of the slab, during stretching and break-off of the slab. These processes are responsible for the migration of the subduction zone by triggering small-scale convection cells in the mantle that, in turn, drag the plates. The amount of advance ranges from 40 to 220 km and depends on the dip angle of the slab before the onset of collision.

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“…The collision between Greater India and Lhasa (green) occurs at $55 Ma in the Lee and Lawver [1995] model. We chose to largely follow the subduction zone location as proposed by Replumaz et al [2004] for pre-collision times in the conventional Andean-style margin. Light gray shading represents extent of Eurasian continental crust in our model.…”

Section: Pre-collision Marginsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The southward extent of undeformed Eurasia was based on the geometry proposed by Replumaz et al [2004] and the precollision southward extent of Lhasa based on Lee and Lawver [1995] (Figure 5, left column). The size of Greater India and the NeoTethyan intraoceanic subduction of the alternative kinematic scenario are largely based on the preferred subduction model of Hafkenscheid et al [2006], and a scenario slightly modified from that proposed by …”

Section: Kinematics Of the India-eurasia Collisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on the kinematics of the India‐Eurasia collision from global geodynamic models

Zahirovic

Müller

Seton

et al. 2012

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] The Eocene India-Eurasia collision is a first order tectonic event whose nature and chronology remains controversial. We test two end-member collision scenarios using coupled global plate motion-subduction models. The first, conventional model, invokes a continental collision soon after $60 Ma between a maximum extent Greater India and an Andean-style Eurasian margin. The alternative scenario involves a collision between a minimum extent Greater India and a NeoTethyan back-arc at $60 Ma that is subsequently subducted along southern Lhasa at an Andean-style margin, culminating with continent-continent contact at $40 Ma. Our numerical models suggest the conventional scenario does not adequately reproduce mantle structure related to Tethyan convergence. The alternative scenario better reproduces the discrete slab volumes and their lateral and vertical distribution in the mantle, and is also supported by the distribution of ophiolites indicative of Tethyan intraoceanic subduction, magmatic gaps along southern Lhasa and a two-stage slowdown of India. Our models show a strong component of southward mantle return flow for the Tethyan region, suggesting that the common assumption of near-vertical slab sinking is an oversimplification with significant consequences for interpretations of seismic tomography in the context of subduction reference frames.

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4-D evolution of SE Asia’s mantle from geological reconstructions and seismic tomography

Cited by 264 publications

References 46 publications

Constraining P-wave velocity variations in the upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia

Constraining P-wave velocity variations in the upper mantle beneath Southeast Asia

Numerical models of slab migration in continental collision zones

Insights on the kinematics of the India‐Eurasia collision from global geodynamic models

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