400. Identification of the halogen in organic halogen compounds

Influence of molecular shape on the dielectric constant of polar liquids

“…(O) reduces to the potential of a dipole for points in the neighborhood of the origin and cp(R ) remains flll ite at all points within the cavity. Then (2) For the case that follow iL i convenient to consider the corresponding problem for a ....…”

“…In no case do the two procedures' lead to a definite conflict in the assignment of oblate and prolate character. However, the molecular geometry of t-butyl chloride is virtually spherical, whereas eq (2) requires a decidely oblate shape. A similar discrepancy, but in the reverse sense, is noted for methylene bromide.…”

“…Table 2 contains a number of additional liquids for which reliable data were not available over a sufficient temperature range to be included in table 1. The values of eccentricity r equired to fit eq (2) in the vicinity of room temperature are listed in the final column.…”

“…Table of The fn,ctors designa,ted as G~ •. and Ge were obtained from eq (1) and (2), re pectively, with the assumption of a fix ed cavity volume. In these casc , the value of R a/V noted by an asterisk, a ,a.lu e usually pertaining to room t emperature or its vicinity, was rather arbitrarily used .…”

“…In the one case, following Onsager , th e environment surrounding and interacting with any given molecule is treated as a continuum having the macroscopic dielec tric constant and th e molec ular model is altered to accommodate either optical ani otropy [2] or gcometrical anisotropy [3 , 4] or both [5,6] . A seco nd , more generali zed and flexibl e approach was introduced by Kirkwood [7] and extended by others [8 , 9, 10] .…”